Deeprose Catherine, Andrade Jackie
Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Conscious Cogn. 2006 Mar;15(1):1-23. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2005.05.003. Epub 2005 Jul 25.
General anesthesia provides an alternative to typical laboratory paradigms for investigating implicit learning. We assess the evidence that a simple type of learning--priming--can occur without consciousness. Although priming has been shown to be a small but persistent phenomenon in surgical patients (Merikle & Daneman, 1996) there is reason to question whether it occurs implicitly due to problems in detecting awareness using typical clinical signs. This paper reviews the published studies on priming during anesthesia that have included a measure of awareness or of anesthetic depth. We conclude that perceptual priming, but not conceptual priming, takes place in the absence of conscious awareness.
全身麻醉为研究内隐学习提供了一种替代传统实验室范式的方法。我们评估了一种简单的学习类型——启动效应——可以在无意识状态下发生的证据。尽管启动效应在外科手术患者中已被证明是一种微小但持续存在的现象（梅里克尔和达内曼，1996年），但由于使用典型临床体征检测意识存在问题，因此有理由质疑它是否以内隐的方式发生。本文回顾了已发表的关于麻醉期间启动效应的研究，这些研究包括对意识或麻醉深度的测量。我们得出结论，知觉启动效应而非概念启动效应，是在无意识状态下发生的。
