Cringoli G, Rinaldi L, Veneziano V, Musella V
Dipartimento di Patologia e Sanità Animale, Settore di Parassitologia Veterinaria e Malattie Parassitarie, Universitd degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, CREMOPAR-Regione Campania, Napoli, Italy.
Parassitologia. 2005 Mar;47(1):9-25.
Disease mapping and risk assessment are important tasks in the area of medical and veterinary epidemiology. The development of methods for mapping diseases has progressed considerably in recent years. Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Spatial Analysis represent new tools for the study of epidemiology, and their application to parasitology has become more and more advanced, in particular to study the spatial and temporal patterns of diseases. The present review highlights the usefulness of GIS and RS in veterinary parasitology in order to better know the epidemiology of parasite organisms, causing either snail/arthropod borne diseases or direct transmissible diseases, mostly in small areas with a strong impact by man. It demonstrates the potential of these technologies to serve as effective tools for: data capture, mapping and analysis for the development of descriptive parasitological maps; studying the environmental features that influence the distribution of parasites; predicting parasite occurrence/seasonality based on their environmental requirements and as decision support for disease intervention; and surveillance and monitoring of animal diseases.
疾病制图和风险评估是医学和兽医流行病学领域的重要任务。近年来，疾病制图方法有了很大进展。地理信息系统（GIS）、遥感（RS）和空间分析是流行病学研究的新工具，它们在寄生虫学中的应用越来越先进，特别是用于研究疾病的时空模式。本综述强调了GIS和RS在兽医寄生虫学中的作用，以便更好地了解寄生虫生物的流行病学，这些寄生虫会引发蜗牛/节肢动物传播的疾病或直接传播的疾病，主要发生在受人类影响较大的小区域。它展示了这些技术作为有效工具的潜力，可用于：数据采集、制图和分析，以绘制描述性寄生虫学地图；研究影响寄生虫分布的环境特征；根据寄生虫的环境需求预测寄生虫的发生/季节性，并作为疾病干预的决策支持；以及动物疾病的监测和监控。
