Planas M, Lecha M, García Luna P P, Chamorro J, Zamarrón I, Parés R M, Bonada A, Cardona D, Jiménez M, Irles J A, Boris M A, Rodríguez A, Calañas A J, Camarero E, Martí E, Pérez de la Cruz A, Mancha A, Gómez Enterría P, de Luis D, Muñoz A, Bayo P, Luengo L M
Unidad de Nutrición Clínica, Hospital 12 de Octubre Ctra. de Andalucía, km. 5,400 28041, Madrid.
Nutr Hosp. 2005 Jul-Aug;20(4):254-8.
To communicate the information available by the NADYA-SENPE Working Group from patients on Home Enteral Nutrition (HEN) in our country during the year 2002.
The data were collected through a closed questionnaire included in the web site of the Working Group (www.nadya-senpe.com) available only by the authorized users. Variable included were: epidemiological information, the indication to prescribe this treatment, the access path, the specific nutritional formula used, the treatment duration, the complications and hospital readmission related to the nutritional treatment, the follow-up and the quality of life.
We register 3967 patients that belong to twenty-one hospitals. Mean age from those adults 69.2 +/- 19.2 years, and from those younger than 14, 5.6 +/- 4.1 years. Neurological and neoplasic diseases were the diagnostics more frequents (39.2% and 34.6%, respectively). Oral nutrition was the preferential rout used for the enteral nutrition (53.6%) followed by naso-enteral tube (30.6%), and only in 15.8% we used ostomy tubes. Polymeric was the enteral formula mainly utilized (81.5%). The mean time on HEN was 5.8 +/- 4.4 months; the 35.7% of patients stayed in the treatment for less than 3 months, 22.4% between 3 and 6 months, and 41.6% more than 6 months. Patients were followed mainly by Nutritional Support Unit from the reference hospital (75.3%). While the reference hospital supplies the material (65.7%), reference hospital pharmacy (43%) and public pharmacies (37.3%) provides the enteral formula. Complications related to enteral nutrition included change of enteral tube (29.7%), mechanical complications (22.9%), gastrointestinal complications (22.9%), and the metabolic one (9.2%). These complications were followed by 0.02 hospitalizations/patient. At the end of the year, 49.3% of patients were in the HEN programme, and in 41.5% HEN was finish due to accept oral conventional alimentation (47.3%) or by deceased of patients. While 31.8% of the patients were confined to bed o armchair, 17.8% no o light discapacity degree was observed.
We found a persistence of these treatment in our country (96.5 patients/million inhabitants. Neurological and neoplasic diseases were the more frequent diagnosis in patients analysed. The high prevalence of cancer patients could be the main cause of oral access for enteral nutrition. Change of enteral tube was the more frequent complication observed during this treatment.
传达2002年期间NADYA - SENPE工作组从我国接受家庭肠内营养（HEN）的患者处获取的信息。
数据通过工作组网站（www.nadya - senpe.com）上仅授权用户可访问的封闭式问卷收集。纳入的变量包括：流行病学信息、开具该治疗的指征、获取途径、使用的特定营养配方、治疗持续时间、与营养治疗相关的并发症和再次入院情况、随访以及生活质量。
我们登记了来自21家医院的3967例患者。成年患者的平均年龄为69.2±19.2岁，14岁以下患者的平均年龄为5.6±4.1岁。神经疾病和肿瘤疾病是最常见的诊断（分别为39.2%和34.6%）。口服营养是肠内营养首选的途径（53.6%），其次是鼻肠管（30.6%），仅15.8%的患者使用造口管。聚合物配方是主要使用的肠内配方（81.5%）。HEN的平均时间为5.8±4.4个月；35.7%的患者治疗时间少于3个月，22.4%的患者治疗时间在3至6个月之间，41.6%的患者治疗时间超过6个月。患者主要由参考医院的营养支持科室进行随访（75.3%）。参考医院提供材料（65.7%），参考医院药房（43%）和公共药房（37.3%）提供肠内配方。与肠内营养相关的并发症包括肠内管更换（29.7%）、机械并发症（22.9%）、胃肠道并发症（22.9%）和代谢并发症（9.2%）。这些并发症导致每位患者0.02次住院。年底时，49.3%的患者仍在HEN项目中，41.5%的患者因接受口服常规饮食（47.3%）或患者死亡而结束HEN治疗。31.8%的患者需卧床或坐轮椅，17.8%的患者未观察到明显残疾。
我们发现我国这种治疗方法的持续性（96.5例患者/百万居民）。神经疾病和肿瘤疾病是所分析患者中最常见的诊断。癌症患者的高患病率可能是肠内营养口服途径的主要原因。肠内管更换是该治疗期间观察到的最常见并发症。
