Ortega García J A, Ferris i Tortajada J, Claudio Morales L, Berbel Tornero O
Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit (PEHSU), Hospital Infantil Universitario La Fe, Valencia, España.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2005 Aug;63(2):143-51. doi: 10.1157/13077457.
The World Health Organization encourages the development of strategies to identify, increase awareness and solve problems of Pediatric Environmental Health (PEH) in units and centers of excellence. Pediatricians are in an excellent position to identify children at environmental risk, advise parents about the best way to reduce or prevent these risks, and recommend changes in health policies to politicians.
To inform pediatricians about the underlying principles and activities of pediatric environmental health specialty units (PEHSU) in Spain and Europe. To analyze up-to-date knowledge and the steps required for the development of PEH in Spain and Europe.
Review of the strategies, initiatives and examples of useful practices for national and international organizations involved in the development and implementation of PEH. Report of activities of PEHSUs.
In Spain and Europe pediatricians do not receive training in PEH. PEHSUs are centers specialized in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of environmentally-related diseases. These centers are composed of multidisciplinary teams of health and other professionals, coordinated by pediatricians specialized in PEH, that have the study of environment-related pediatric problems as a common denominator. The activity of these units emphasizes teaching, research, scientific activity, the development of environmental history in pediatrics, diagnosis and treatment of the "pediatric environmental wound", assessment of risks in pediatrics, and specialization in the critical review of the literature on PEH to train pediatricians to be experts in environmental health. The activities and fields of PEHSU can be summarized as: medical care, training, research, and community health (school health).
PEH should be considered by Ministries of Health and Pediatrics Associations as an important emergent area for current and future generations of pediatricians. Thus, it is necessary: a) to develop an integral plan for pediatric training in PEH; b) to actively seek funding and support to increase the presence of PEHSUs in Europe, and c) to create expert committees in PEH in National Associations of Pediatrics in Europe.
世界卫生组织鼓励在卓越单位和中心制定战略，以识别、提高认识并解决儿童环境卫生（PEH）问题。儿科医生在识别处于环境风险中的儿童、就降低或预防这些风险的最佳方法向家长提供建议以及向政治家推荐卫生政策变革方面具有得天独厚的优势。
向儿科医生介绍西班牙和欧洲儿童环境卫生专科单位（PEHSU）的基本原则和活动。分析西班牙和欧洲儿童环境卫生发展所需的最新知识和步骤。
回顾参与儿童环境卫生发展和实施的国家和国际组织的战略、举措及有用实践示例。报告儿童环境卫生专科单位的活动。
在西班牙和欧洲，儿科医生未接受过儿童环境卫生方面的培训。儿童环境卫生专科单位是专门诊断、治疗和预防与环境相关疾病的中心。这些中心由健康及其他专业人员组成的多学科团队构成，由儿童环境卫生专科的儿科医生协调，其共同特点是研究与环境相关的儿科问题。这些单位的活动重点包括教学、研究、科学活动、儿科环境史的发展、“儿童环境创伤”的诊断和治疗、儿科风险评估以及对儿童环境卫生文献进行批判性综述的专业化，以培养儿科医生成为环境卫生专家。儿童环境卫生专科单位的活动和领域可概括为：医疗保健、培训、研究和社区卫生（学校卫生）。
卫生部和儿科学会应将儿童环境卫生视为当前及未来几代儿科医生的一个重要新兴领域。因此，有必要：a）制定儿童环境卫生培训的综合计划；b）积极寻求资金和支持，以增加欧洲儿童环境卫生专科单位的数量；c）在欧洲国家儿科学会中设立儿童环境卫生专家委员会。
