Bernaus Anna, Gaona Xavier, Valiente Manuel
Centre GTS, Unitat de Química Analítica, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Facultat de Ciències, Edifici CN, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
J Environ Monit. 2005 Aug;7(8):771-7. doi: 10.1039/b502060n. Epub 2005 Jun 16.
This manuscript describes the analysis and evaluation of mercury species present in three different types of samples (ore, slag and soil) belonging to the abandoned mining area of Almadén (Spain), by means of X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) techniques. The applied methodology includes the analysis of possible interfering compounds by ICP-OES and the characterisation of solid samples by identification of heterogeneities using SEM-EDS technique prior to measurements at the synchrotron facilities (ESRF in Grenoble, France and HASYLAB in Hamburg, Germany) and subsequent analysis of data. Results show that cinnabar is the main species both in ore and soil samples, its concentration ranging from 41 to 77% of the total mercury content. On the other hand, metacinnabar (a polymorph of cinnabar) is shown to be the main species in slag samples (42-88%). Other mercury forms have been found in minor proportions (<30%), such as slightly soluble mercury salts (HgCl(2) and HgSO(4)) and HgO. This is the first time that Almadén-type mercury ores have been characterised by a synchrotron-based spectroscopic technique for a direct determination of mercury species. The conclusions presented in this report show the important similarities between Almadén and hot-spring type mercury mineral deposits, despite its different geological origin.
本手稿描述了通过X射线吸收光谱（XAS）技术对西班牙阿尔马登废弃矿区三种不同类型样品（矿石、矿渣和土壤）中汞物种的分析和评估。所应用的方法包括通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP - OES）分析可能的干扰化合物，以及在同步辐射设施（法国格勒诺布尔的欧洲同步辐射装置ESRF和德国汉堡的亥姆霍兹重离子研究中心HASYLAB）进行测量之前，使用扫描电子显微镜 - 能谱仪（SEM - EDS）技术识别异质性来表征固体样品，并随后进行数据分析。结果表明，朱砂是矿石和土壤样品中的主要汞物种，其浓度占总汞含量的41%至77%。另一方面，黑辰砂（朱砂的一种多晶型物）是矿渣样品中的主要汞物种（42% - 88%）。还发现了其他少量比例（<30%）的汞形态，如微溶性汞盐（HgCl₂和HgSO₄）以及HgO。这是首次使用基于同步辐射的光谱技术对阿尔马登型汞矿石进行表征以直接测定汞物种。本报告中的结论表明，尽管阿尔马登汞矿和温泉型汞矿床的地质成因不同，但它们之间存在重要的相似之处。
