Departamento de Ingeniería Geológica y Minera, Escuela Universitaria Politécnica de Almadén, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Almadén (Ciudad Real), Spain.
J Synchrotron Radiat. 2010 Mar;17(2):179-86. doi: 10.1107/S0909049510001925. Epub 2010 Feb 2.
The mobility, bioavailability and toxicity of mercury in the environment strongly depend on the chemical species in which it is present in soil, sediments, water or air. In mining districts, differences in mobility and bioavailability of mercury mainly arise from the different type of mineralization and ore processing. In this work, synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) has been taken advantage of to study the speciation of mercury in geological samples from three of the largest European mercury mining districts: Almadén (Spain), Idria (Slovenia) and Asturias (Spain). XANES has been complemented with a single extraction protocol for the determination of Hg mobility. Ore, calcines, dump material, soil, sediment and suspended particles from the three sites have been considered in the study. In the three sites, rather insoluble sulfide compounds (cinnabar and metacinnabar) were found to predominate. Minor amounts of more soluble mercury compounds (chlorides and sulfates) were also identified in some samples. Single extraction procedures have put forward a strong dependence of the mobility with the concentration of chlorides and sulfates. Differences in efficiency of roasting furnaces from the three sites have been found.
汞在环境中的迁移性、生物可利用性和毒性强烈依赖于其在土壤、沉积物、水或空气中的化学形态。在矿区，汞的迁移性和生物可利用性的差异主要源于不同类型的矿化作用和矿石加工。在这项工作中，我们利用基于同步加速器的 X 射线吸收近边光谱（XANES）技术研究了来自欧洲三个最大的汞矿区（西班牙的阿尔马登、斯洛文尼亚的伊德里亚和西班牙的阿斯图里亚斯）的地质样品中汞的形态。XANES 技术与单一提取方案相结合，用于测定汞的迁移性。研究中考虑了三个地点的矿石、焙砂、废渣、土壤、沉积物和悬浮颗粒。在这三个地点，主要发现了较为不溶性的硫化物化合物（辰砂和汞黝矿）。在一些样品中还发现了少量更易溶解的汞化合物（氯化物和硫酸盐）。单一提取程序表明，汞的迁移性强烈依赖于氯化物和硫酸盐的浓度。还发现了三个地点的焙烧炉效率存在差异。
