Greenland Katy, Brown Rupert
School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, UK.
J Soc Psychol. 2005 Aug;145(4):373-89. doi: 10.3200/SOCP.145.4.373-390.
Acculturation theory has been the dominant model that investigators use in examining the effects of transmigration. This theory indicates the problematic effects of intercultural contact in terms of adjustment and stress. One criticism of this theory, however, is its lack of integration with the more generic contact literature. This literature suggests that intergroup contact can have positive effects on intergroup relations. The authors presented a longitudinal study of 35 Japanese nationals living in the United Kingdom over a period of 12 months. The present results suggested that both conventional acculturation variables (e.g., language ability and perceived cultural distance) and intergroup variables (e.g., in-group bias and intergroup anxiety) were associated with acculturative stress and psychosomatic illness over time. Higher intergroup anxiety was associated with increased acculturative stress, whereas higher in-group bias was associated with reduced psychosomatic illness. The present results indicated the possibility that these variables add an important dimension to the acculturation literature.
文化适应理论一直是研究人员用于考察移民影响的主导模型。该理论指出了跨文化接触在适应和压力方面存在的问题。然而，对这一理论的一种批评是，它缺乏与更一般的接触文献的整合。这些文献表明群体间接触会对群体间关系产生积极影响。作者对35名在英国生活了12个月的日本国民进行了一项纵向研究。目前的结果表明，随着时间的推移，传统的文化适应变量（如语言能力和感知到的文化距离）以及群体间变量（如内群体偏见和群体间焦虑）都与文化适应压力和身心疾病有关。较高的群体间焦虑与文化适应压力增加有关，而较高的内群体偏见与身心疾病减少有关。目前的结果表明，这些变量有可能为文化适应文献增添一个重要维度。
