Tartakovsky Eugene
The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2007 Jun;42(6):485-94. doi: 10.1007/s00127-007-0184-1. Epub 2007 May 14.
Acculturative stress and homesickness are psychological reactions to cross-cultural transition. They may cause a decline in social functioning, increased psychological distress, and, in severe cases, psychiatric disorders among immigrants.
This study examined changes in acculturative stress and homesickness over the first 3 years in the host country. It also investigated the role of pre-migration psychological resources, perceived discrimination, and perceived social support as predictors of acculturative stress and homesickness.
211 high-school adolescents who immigrated from Russia and Ukraine to Israel without parents participated in the study. They filled out self-report questionnaires at four times: about half a year before emigration and during the three consecutive years after immigration.
Acculturative stress strengthened in the second year compared to the first year and decreased in the third year after immigration. Homesickness decreased from the first to the third year after immigration. Pre-migration psychological resources were negatively correlated with acculturative stress and homesickness. Perceived discrimination was positively correlated with acculturative stress and homesickness. Perceived social support from friends and teachers negatively correlated with acculturative stress and homesickness, while perceived social support from the adolescents' parents was not correlated with these variables.
Personal psychological resources and social support buffer acculturative stress and homesickness in immigrants, while discrimination aggravates their distress.
文化适应压力和思乡之情是对跨文化过渡的心理反应。它们可能导致社会功能下降、心理困扰增加，严重时还会引发移民中的精神障碍。
本研究考察了移民在东道国头3年中文化适应压力和思乡之情的变化。还调查了移民前心理资源、感知到的歧视以及感知到的社会支持作为文化适应压力和思乡之情预测因素的作用。
211名从俄罗斯和乌克兰移民到以色列且无父母陪伴的高中青少年参与了该研究。他们在四个时间点填写了自我报告问卷：移民前约半年以及移民后的连续三年。
与第一年相比，文化适应压力在移民后的第二年增强，在第三年下降。思乡之情从移民后的第一年到第三年有所减轻。移民前心理资源与文化适应压力和思乡之情呈负相关。感知到的歧视与文化适应压力和思乡之情呈正相关。来自朋友和老师的感知到的社会支持与文化适应压力和思乡之情呈负相关，而青少年从父母那里感知到的社会支持与这些变量无关。
个人心理资源和社会支持缓冲了移民的文化适应压力和思乡之情，而歧视则加剧了他们的困扰。
