Rodrigues José Carlos, Lanças Fernando Mauro
University of São Paulo, Institute of Chemistry at São Carlos, 13566-590-São Carlos (SP), Brazil.
J Chromatogr Sci. 2005 Jul;43(6):277-81. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/43.6.277.
The various forms of chromatography are primarily determined by differences in the physical state of the mobile phases. The main chromatographic categories include gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography, and supercritical fluid chromatography. Adjusting a temperature and pressure will change the mobile phase from liquid to supercritical fluid to gas, with concomitant changes in their physical properties. In this paper, the technique transition-phase chromatography (TPC) is described. In TPC, different mobile phase conditions exist inside the column. This phase transformation within the column results in huge differences in density, solvating power, viscosity, diffusivity, and, as a consequence, in the chromatographic properties of the mobile phase. TPC experiments using capillary columns packed in our laboratory have shown that when the mobile phase is transformed from supercritical fluid to gas, high column efficiencies can be achieved. The transition from supercritical fluid to gas (also called solvating GC), a particular case of the TPC, is evaluated for the separation of complex real samples (environmental, food, and fuels).
各种形式的色谱法主要由流动相物理状态的差异决定。主要的色谱类别包括气相色谱（GC）、液相色谱和超临界流体色谱。调节温度和压力会使流动相从液体变为超临界流体再变为气体，其物理性质也会随之改变。本文描述了技术过渡相色谱法（TPC）。在TPC中，柱内存在不同的流动相条件。柱内的这种相变导致密度、溶剂化能力、粘度、扩散率出现巨大差异，进而导致流动相的色谱性质产生差异。在我们实验室使用填充毛细管柱进行的TPC实验表明，当流动相从超临界流体转变为气体时，可以实现高柱效。超临界流体到气体的转变（也称为溶剂化GC）是TPC的一种特殊情况，用于评估复杂实际样品（环境、食品和燃料）的分离。
