Nathan Sengottayan Senthil, Savitha G, George Dency K, Narmadha Alagirisamy, Suganya Laxmanan, Chung Paul Gene
Department of Environmental Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju City, Chonbuk 561 756, South Korea.
Bioresour Technol. 2006 Jul;97(11):1316-23. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.05.019. Epub 2005 Jul 27.
Methanolic extracts of leaves and seeds from the chinaberry tree, Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) was tested against mature and immature mosquito vector Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera) under laboratory condition. The extract showed strong larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, antiovipositional activity, repellency and biting deterency. The M. azedarach seed and leaf extracts were used to determine their effect on A. stephensi adults and their corresponding oviposition and consequent adult emergence in comparison with the control. The seed extracts showed high bioactivity at all doses, while the leaf extracts proved to be active, only in the higher dose. Results obtained from the laboratory experiment showed that the seed extracts suppressed the pupal and adult activity of A. stephensi even at low dose. In general, first and second instar larvae were more susceptible to both leaves and seed extracts. Clear dose-response relationships were established with the highest dose of 2% plant extract evoking 96% mortality. Entire development of A. stephensi was inhibited by M. azedarach treatment. Less expensive (less than 0.50 US dollars per 1 kg seed), naturally accruing bio-pesticide could be an alternative for chemical pesticides.
在实验室条件下，对楝科植物苦楝（Melia azedarach L.）的叶子和种子的甲醇提取物针对成熟和未成熟的蚊虫媒介斯氏按蚊（Anopheles stephensi Liston，双翅目）进行了测试。该提取物表现出很强的杀幼虫、杀蛹、杀成虫、抗产卵活性、驱避性和叮咬威慑作用。与对照相比，使用苦楝种子和叶子提取物来确定它们对斯氏按蚊成虫及其相应产卵以及随后成虫羽化的影响。种子提取物在所有剂量下均表现出高生物活性，而叶子提取物仅在高剂量时被证明具有活性。实验室实验结果表明，种子提取物即使在低剂量下也能抑制斯氏按蚊的蛹和成虫活性。总体而言，一龄和二龄幼虫对叶子和种子提取物都更敏感。建立了明确的剂量反应关系，最高剂量的2%植物提取物可引起96%的死亡率。苦楝处理抑制了斯氏按蚊的整个发育过程。成本较低（每1千克种子低于0.50美元）的天然生物农药可以作为化学农药的替代品。
