Naka Hiroshi
Department of Physical Education, Kyoto University of Education, Japan.
Clin Calcium. 2005 Aug;15(8):1356-63.
High-impact or weight-bearing physical activities have positive effects on bone mass gain in children and adolescents from the findings of the physical activity intervention trials for them. These physical activity trials have been relatively short term in research design and some of the intervention trials had small numbers of subjects. Significant benefits on bone mass gain in children and adolescents were observed in almost all studies concerning physical activity intervention trials, although there was considerable variability in magnitude. The discrepancies in findings might relate to the characteristics of participants (sex, age, maturity); the characteristics of the intervention (intensity, frequency, duration); and the bone region assessed (cortical vs. trabecular). In current research on bone mass gain in children and adolescents, there is a lack of data about the effects of different types of physical activity, the long-term effects of physical activity during growth, and the interaction between pubertal development and physical activity. The results of this study call for a further accumulation of evidence about the effects of physical activity to promote bone health in children and adolescents.
从针对儿童和青少年的体育活动干预试验结果来看，高强度或负重体育活动对他们的骨量增加有积极影响。这些体育活动试验在研究设计上相对短期，并且一些干预试验的受试者数量较少。几乎所有关于体育活动干预试验的研究都观察到对儿童和青少年骨量增加有显著益处，尽管在程度上存在相当大的差异。研究结果的差异可能与参与者的特征（性别、年龄、成熟度）、干预的特征（强度、频率、持续时间）以及评估的骨区域（皮质骨与小梁骨）有关。在当前关于儿童和青少年骨量增加的研究中，缺乏关于不同类型体育活动的影响、生长期间体育活动的长期影响以及青春期发育与体育活动之间相互作用的数据。本研究结果呼吁进一步积累关于体育活动对促进儿童和青少年骨骼健康影响的证据。
