Steele R J C, Lane D P
Department of Surgery and Molecular Oncology, University of Dundee, UK.
Surgeon. 2005 Jun;3(3):197-205. doi: 10.1016/s1479-666x(05)80041-1.
The p53 tumour suppressor gene is thought to be central in protecting against the development of cancer, and this article reviews current understanding of its function and potential clinical significance. Information for this review was obtained from previous review articles, references cited in original papers, a Pubmed search of the last twelve months' literature and by scanning the latest issues of relevant journals. P53 can be described as a stress response gene, its product (the p53 protein) acting to induce apoptosis or cell-cycle arrest in response to DNA damage, thereby maintaining genetic stability in the organism. These functions are realised by a series of steps known as the "p53 pathway" involving induction of the expression of a number of other genes. As p53 is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer, it has attracted a great deal of interest in the areas of prognosis, diagnosis and therapy, and p53 gene therapy is becoming established as a useful adjunct to conventional cancer treatment.
p53肿瘤抑制基因被认为在预防癌症发生过程中起着核心作用，本文综述了目前对其功能及潜在临床意义的认识。本综述的信息来源于以往的综述文章、原始论文中引用的参考文献、对过去十二个月文献进行的PubMed检索以及浏览相关期刊的最新期次。p53可被描述为一种应激反应基因，其产物（p53蛋白）在DNA损伤时发挥作用，诱导细胞凋亡或细胞周期停滞，从而维持机体的遗传稳定性。这些功能通过一系列被称为“p53途径”的步骤实现，该途径涉及诱导许多其他基因的表达。由于p53是人类癌症中最常发生突变的基因，它在预后、诊断和治疗领域引起了极大关注，并且p53基因治疗正逐渐成为传统癌症治疗的有益辅助手段。
