Mosqueda Laura, Burnight Kerry, Liao Solomon
Department of Family Medicine, Program in Geriatrics, College of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92868, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Aug;53(8):1339-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53406.x.
To summarize the occurrence, progression, and resolution of accidentally acquired bruises in a sample of adults aged 65 and older. The systematic documentation of accidentally occurring bruises in older adults could provide a foundation for comparison when considering suspicious bruising in older adults.
Between April 2002 and August 2003, a convenience sample of 101 seniors was examined daily at home (up to 6 weeks) to document the occurrence, progression, and resolution of accidental bruises that occurred during the observation period.
Three community-based settings and two skilled nursing facilities in Orange County, California.
One hundred one adults aged 65 and older (mean age=83).
Age, sex, ethnicity, functional status, handedness, medical conditions, medications, cognitive status, depression, history of falls, bruise size, bruise location, initial bruise color, color change over time.
Nearly 90% of the bruises were on the extremities. There were no bruises on the neck, ears, genitalia, buttocks, or soles of the feet. Subjects were more likely to know the cause of the bruise if the bruise was on the trunk. Contrary to the common perception that yellow coloration indicates an older bruise, 16 bruises were predominately yellow within the first 24 hours after onset. People on medications known to affect coagulation pathways and those with compromised function were more likely to have multiple bruises.
Accidental bruises occur in a predictable location pattern in older adults. One cannot reliably predict the age of a bruise by its color.
总结65岁及以上成年人意外擦伤的发生、发展及消退情况。对老年人意外擦伤进行系统记录可为评估老年人可疑擦伤提供比较基础。
2002年4月至2003年8月期间，对101名老年人进行便利抽样，每天在家中对其进行检查（最长6周），以记录观察期内意外擦伤的发生、发展及消退情况。
加利福尼亚州奥兰治县的三个社区场所和两个专业护理机构。
101名65岁及以上成年人（平均年龄 = 83岁）。
年龄、性别、种族、功能状态、利手、健康状况、用药情况、认知状态、抑郁情况、跌倒史、擦伤大小、擦伤部位、初始擦伤颜色、随时间的颜色变化。
近90%的擦伤位于四肢。颈部、耳部、生殖器、臀部或脚底未出现擦伤。如果擦伤位于躯干，受试者更有可能知道擦伤原因。与普遍认为黄色表示陈旧擦伤的观念相反，16处擦伤在出现后的头24小时内主要为黄色。正在服用已知会影响凝血途径药物的人和功能受损者更有可能出现多处擦伤。
老年人意外擦伤的发生部位具有可预测的模式。不能通过擦伤颜色可靠地预测其形成时间。
