Lei Tao, Xu Da-Chuan, Gao Jian-Hua, Zhong Shi-Zhen, Chen Bin, Yang Dong-Yuan, Cui Lin, Li Zhong-Hua, Wang Xing-Hai, Yang Shou-Ming
Department of Plastic Surgery, Nan Fang Hospital, First Military Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005 Aug;116(2):623-9; discussion 630. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000174001.95115.9e.
Previous studies have proposed that the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery could be used to determine the course of the temporal branch of the facial nerve; however, these studies have not documented this relationship. The objective of this study was to thoroughly examine the courses of the frontal branch and temporal branch in the temporal region and to describe their relationship in detail. The operating technique used to avoid damaging the temporal branch in the rhytidectomy also is discussed.
An anatomical study was performed on 30 temporoparietal regions from 10 fixed adult cadavers and five fresh cadavers. Twenty halves of head-vascular-cast specimens also were observed.
Depending on whether the bifurcation point of the superficial temporal artery is superior or inferior to the horizontal line of the superior orbital rim, the frontal branch can be classified as having a high-location or low-location type. The temporal branch and its terminal twigs run deeper into the superficial temporal fascia and are inferior to the frontal branch in the high-location type. In the low-location type, one or more terminal twigs of the temporal branch interweave with the frontal branch above the horizontal plane of the upper orbital rim and terminate below the frontal eminence. The temporal branch locates within a triangular area formed by the lower aspect of the zygomatic arch, the frontal branch, and the vertical line where it crosses the highest point of the frontal eminence
The frontal branch can be the anatomical landmark used to locate and protect the temporal branch during rhytidectomy.
以往研究提出颞浅动脉额支可用于确定面神经颞支的走行；然而，这些研究并未记录这种关系。本研究的目的是全面检查颞区额支和颞支的走行，并详细描述它们之间的关系。还讨论了在除皱术中用于避免损伤颞支的手术技术。
对10具固定成年尸体和5具新鲜尸体的30个颞顶区域进行了解剖学研究。还观察了20个头部血管铸型标本的半侧。
根据颞浅动脉分叉点位于眶上缘水平线之上还是之下，额支可分为高位型或低位型。在高位型中，颞支及其终末分支走行于颞浅筋膜深层，位于额支下方。在低位型中，颞支的一个或多个终末分支在上眶缘水平面上方与额支交织，并在额隆起下方终止。颞支位于由颧弓下缘、额支以及其与额隆起最高点交叉处的垂直线所形成的三角形区域内。
在除皱术中，额支可作为定位和保护颞支的解剖标志。
