Keener Brian J, Sizensky Joseph A
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State University, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA.
Foot Ankle Clin. 2005 Sep;10(3):413-24. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2005.04.003.
Appreciation of the normal anatomy of the calcaneus is significant for various reasons. Restoration of normal anatomy has been of particular interest for fracture care. In addition, knowledge of surrounding structures is important when planning surgical approaches and vital when performing percutaneous procedures. Understanding of anatomic relationships allows discernment of the pathophysiology that is related to chronic conditions. The biomechanics of normal structures provides a theoretic basis for reconstruction and rehabilitation, and individual variations in calcaneal anatomy can be a predisposition for pathology.
由于多种原因，了解跟骨的正常解剖结构很重要。恢复正常解剖结构一直是骨折治疗中特别关注的问题。此外，在规划手术入路时，了解周围结构很重要，而在进行经皮手术时则至关重要。理解解剖关系有助于识别与慢性病相关的病理生理学。正常结构的生物力学为重建和康复提供了理论基础，跟骨解剖结构的个体差异可能是病理状态的一个 predisposition 因素。（注：predisposition 这个词在文中不太好直接准确翻译，可理解为“易患倾向”之类意思，这里保留英文待结合上下文进一步明确）
