[Cardiovascular risks in sports].

Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for about 50% of total mortality in Germany. Regular physical activity is associated with a reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the long term, both in primary and secondary prevention. Prospective epidemiological studies have shown that both moderate and intensive physical activity have a positive effect on cardiovascular risk. Even physical activity begun during middle age or later leads to a reduction in cardiovascular risk. However, during and immediately after an acute episode of physical activity, there is an increased risk of acute coronary events. Particularly untrained persons with an existing coronary heart disease are at risk for an event. Even in physically fit persons, the risk is increased during and after acute physical activity. Regular physical activity, however, is an important protective factor and reduces the risk of coronary events during acute strenuous exercise. Despite the increased risk during acute episodes of physical activity, regular physical activity is an important ingredient in the prevention of cardiovascular and other diseases. Current guidelines, therefore, recommend regular physical activity.