Martin Louise, Nasir Hijrah, Bagheri Reza, Ugbolue Ukadike C, Laporte Catherine, Baker Julien S, Gu Yaodong, Zak Marek, Duclos Martine, Dutheil Frédéric
General Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Chaire « Santé en Mouvement », Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Sports Med Open. 2025 Apr 7;11(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s40798-025-00830-z.
BACKGROUND: As whether the positive effects of physical activity on mortality outweigh the negative effects of exposure to pollution is still under debate, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the risk of mortality for combined exposure to physical activity and air pollution. METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and ScienceDirect databases were searched for studies assessing the risk of mortality for combined exposure to physical activity and air pollution. RESULTS: We included eight studies for a total of 1,417,945 individuals (mean 57.7 years old, 39% men) - 54,131 died. We confirmed that air pollution increased the risk of mortality by 36% (OR 1.36, 95CI 1.05-1.52), whereas physical activity in a non-polluted environment decreased the risk of mortality by 31% (OR 0.69, 95CI 0.42-0.95). Our meta-analysis demonstrated that combined exposure to physical activity and air pollution decreased the risk of mortality by 26% (OR 0.74, 95CI 0.63-0.85). This risk decreased whatever the level of physical activity: by 19% (OR 0.81, 95CI 0.69-0.93) for low, by 32% (OR 0.68, 95CI 0.44-0.93) for moderate, and by 30% (OR 0.70, 95CI 0.49-0.91) for high physical activity in air pollution. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that air pollution increased mortality by 36% in our meta-analysis. Despite the controversial benefit-risk, we demonstrated a reduction of mortality by 26% for combined exposure to physical activity and air pollution - nearly comparable to the reduction of mortality when practicing physical activity without air pollution (- 31%). However, the limited number of included studies precluded the demonstration of a dose-response relationship between levels of physical activity and air pollution, and reduction of mortality.
背景：由于体力活动对死亡率的积极影响是否超过接触污染的负面影响仍存在争议，我们对体力活动与空气污染联合暴露的死亡风险进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。 方法：检索PubMed、Cochrane、Embase和ScienceDirect数据库，查找评估体力活动与空气污染联合暴露死亡风险的研究。 结果：我们纳入了8项研究，共1417945人（平均年龄57.7岁，男性占39%），其中54131人死亡。我们证实，空气污染使死亡风险增加36%（比值比1.36，95%置信区间1.05-1.52），而在无污染环境中进行体力活动使死亡风险降低31%（比值比0.69，95%置信区间0.42-0.95）。我们的荟萃分析表明，体力活动与空气污染联合暴露使死亡风险降低26%（比值比0.74，95%置信区间0.63-0.85）。无论体力活动水平如何，这种风险都会降低：在空气污染环境中，低体力活动水平时降低19%（比值比0.81，95%置信区间0.69-0.93），中等体力活动水平时降低32%（比值比0.68，95%置信区间0.44-0.93），高体力活动水平时降低30%（比值比0.70，95%置信区间0.49-0.91）。 结论：我们在荟萃分析中证实，空气污染使死亡率增加36%。尽管存在有争议的利弊关系，但我们证明，体力活动与空气污染联合暴露可使死亡率降低26%，这几乎与在无空气污染情况下进行体力活动时死亡率的降低幅度（-31%）相当。然而，纳入研究的数量有限，无法证明体力活动水平、空气污染与死亡率降低之间的剂量反应关系。
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