Beno Milan, Hurbankova Marta, Dusinska Maria, Cerna Sylvia, Volkovova Katarina, Staruchova Marta, Barancokova Magda, Kazimirova Alena, Kovacikova Zuzana, Mikulecky Miroslav, Kyrtopoulos Soterios Andreou
Slovak Medical University-Institute of Preventive and Clinical Medicine, SK-83303 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2005 Aug;57(1):77-87. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2005.04.003.
Changes in the counts of binucleate (BNC) and multinucleate cells (MNC) in cell mixtures from lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as in proportions of four types of BALF cells: Alveolar macrophages (AM), lymphocytes, polymorphonuclears (PMN), BNC and in total BALF protein were followed in a study comparing the toxicity of wollastonite with that of amosite asbestos in Fischer 344 rats. Both of the fibrous dusts were inhaled every second day at 30 or 60 mg/m3 air combined with daily exposure to cigarette smoke at 30 mg of total particulate matter (TPM)/m3 air for 1 h. The exposures lasted 175 days. Both, proportions of BNC as well as of MNC in lung cell mixtures rose significantly after exposure to cigarette smoke only. After inhalation of wollastonite the BNC proportions in all except the lower dust exposure group compared to controls showed a significant rise with the maximal factor value of 2.1 in the higher dust plus smoke exposure group. Wollastonite caused only marginal changes in MNC and other inflammation parameters. After inhalation of amosite at comparing to controls the proportion of BNC rose 8 times in the 30 mg/m3 and 11 times in the 60 mg/m3 exposure group, respectively. The effect of smoking was additive. The proportions of MNC were 39 times higher in the 30 mg/m3 and 41 times higher in the 60 mg/m3 amosite exposure group than in controls. In the higher exposure group the effect of smoking was synergic in that the MNC proportion rose about 58 times over control values from 0.05% up to about 3.0% (99% confidence interval--CI = 2.7-3.3%). The other followed inflammation parameters showed the presence of inflammation in the lung. It could be concluded that wollastonite at the same inhalation exposure concentration caused in rats less toxic effects than amosite, and, that the number of MNC, as well as BNC in lung cell mixtures and in BALF may serve as an important semiquantitative biomarker of inflammation.
在一项比较硅灰石与铁石棉对Fischer 344大鼠毒性的研究中，跟踪观察了肺组织和支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）细胞混合物中双核细胞（BNC）和多核细胞（MNC）的数量变化，以及四种BALF细胞类型（肺泡巨噬细胞（AM）、淋巴细胞、多形核细胞（PMN）、BNC）的比例和BALF总蛋白的变化。两种纤维性粉尘每隔一天以30或60 mg/m³的浓度吸入空气，并每天暴露于30 mg总颗粒物（TPM）/m³的香烟烟雾中1小时。暴露持续175天。仅暴露于香烟烟雾后，肺细胞混合物中BNC和MNC的比例均显著上升。吸入硅灰石后，除低粉尘暴露组外，与对照组相比，所有组的BNC比例均显著上升，在高粉尘加烟雾暴露组中最大因子值为2.1。硅灰石仅引起MNC和其他炎症参数的轻微变化。与对照组相比，吸入铁石棉后，30 mg/m³暴露组的BNC比例分别上升了8倍，60 mg/m³暴露组上升了11倍。吸烟的影响是相加的。30 mg/m³铁石棉暴露组的MNC比例比对照组高39倍，60 mg/m³暴露组高41倍。在高暴露组中，吸烟的影响是协同的，MNC比例从0.05%上升到约3.0%（99%置信区间 - CI = 2.7 - 3.3%），比对照值上升了约58倍。其他跟踪观察的炎症参数表明肺部存在炎症。可以得出结论，在相同的吸入暴露浓度下，硅灰石对大鼠的毒性作用比铁石棉小，并且肺细胞混合物和BALF中的MNC以及BNC数量可作为炎症的重要半定量生物标志物。
