Hurbánková Marta, Cerná Silvia, Beno Milan, Wimmerová Sona, Moricová Stefánia
Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, Faculty of Public Health, Laboratory of Respiratory Toxicology, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2012 Mar;20(1):54-7. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a3689.
The occurence of lung diseases (obstructive, malignant) resulting from smoking has an increasing tendency. The lung is the primary organ at risk from the effects of inhaled cigarette smoke and smoking has been implicated as a contributing factor to the causation of various respiratory diseases. The aim of presented work was to find out the subchronic effect of the 6-month exposure to cigarette smoke on the selected inflammatory and cytotoxic parameters of bronchoalveolar lavage in W rats and thus to contribute to understanding of the mechanism of action of tobacco smoke and/or path mechanism of lung injury developed after cigarette smoking. In special chamber, the animals smoked 8 standard research 1R1 type of cigarettes per day, except Saturdays and Sundays, during 6 months. The daily concentration of total particulate matter (TPM)/m3 air for two hours per exposure requiring to burn eight cigarettes was 85 mg. Animals were sacrificed after the 6-month exposure and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed and selected inflammatory and cytotoxic BAL parameters were examined and compared with the control group. Following BAL parameters were investigated: the total cell and alveolar macrophages (AM) count in BAL, the differential cell count (% of AM, % of polymorphonuclears--PMN, % of lymphocytes--Ly), proportion of immature AM, proportion of bi-nucleated cells--BNC, viability, the phagocytic activity of AM, cytokines TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and IL-1beta (interleukin-1beta).
A) The 6-month smoking of eight cigarettes daily significantly changed prevailing number of examined BAL parameters; B) The presence of inflammatory and cytotoxic responses in lung tissue can probably signalize beginning or developing of disease process.
吸烟导致的肺部疾病（阻塞性、恶性）有增加的趋势。肺是吸入香烟烟雾影响的主要风险器官，吸烟被认为是各种呼吸道疾病病因的一个促成因素。本研究的目的是找出6个月接触香烟烟雾对W大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗中选定的炎症和细胞毒性参数的亚慢性影响，从而有助于理解烟草烟雾的作用机制和/或吸烟后发生的肺损伤病理机制。在特殊的舱室内，动物每天除周六和周日外，吸入8支标准研究用1R1型香烟，持续6个月。每次燃烧8支香烟2小时所需的每立方米空气中总颗粒物（TPM）的日浓度为85毫克。6个月暴露后处死动物，进行支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL），并检查选定的炎症和细胞毒性BAL参数，并与对照组进行比较。研究了以下BAL参数：BAL中的总细胞和肺泡巨噬细胞（AM）计数、细胞分类计数（AM的百分比、多形核细胞——PMN的百分比、淋巴细胞——Ly的百分比）、未成熟AM的比例、双核细胞——BNC的比例、活力、AM的吞噬活性、细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）。
A） 每天吸8支香烟6个月显著改变了大多数检测的BAL参数；B） 肺组织中炎症和细胞毒性反应的存在可能标志着疾病过程的开始或发展。
