Davis Stephanie I, Blanck Heidi Michels, Hertzberg Vicki S, Tolbert Paige E, Rubin Carol, Cameron Lorraine L, Henderson Alden K, Marcus Michele
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Alanta, GA 30322, USA.
Environ Health. 2005 Aug 9;4:15. doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-4-15.
Alteration in menstrual cycle function is suggested among rhesus monkeys and humans exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) and structurally similar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The feedback system for menstrual cycle function potentially allows multiple pathways for disruption directly through the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and indirectly through alternative neuroendocrine axes.
The Michigan Female Health Study was conducted during 1997-1998 among women in a cohort exposed to PBBs in 1973. This study included 337 women with self-reported menstrual cycles of 20-35 days (age range: 24-56 years). Current PBB levels were estimated by exponential decay modeling of serum PBB levels collected from 1976-1987 during enrollment in the Michigan PBB cohort. Linear regression models for menstrual cycle length and the logarithm of bleed length used estimated current PBB exposure or enrollment PBB exposure categorized in tertiles, and for the upper decile. All models were adjusted for serum PCB levels, age, body mass index, history of at least 10% weight loss in the past year, physical activity, smoking, education, and household income.
Higher levels of physical activity were associated with shorter bleed length, and increasing age was associated with shorter cycle length. Although no overall association was found between PBB exposure and menstrual cycle characteristics, a significant interaction between PBB exposures with past year weight loss was found. Longer bleed length and shorter cycle length were associated with higher PBB exposure among women with past year weight loss.
This study suggests that PBB exposure may impact ovarian function as indicated by menstrual cycle length and bleed length. However, these associations were found among the small number of women with recent weight loss suggesting either a chance finding or that mobilization of PBBs from lipid stores may be important. These results should be replicated with larger numbers of women exposed to similar lipophilic compounds.
在暴露于多溴联苯（PBBs）及结构相似的多氯联苯（PCBs）的恒河猴和人类中，月经周期功能出现改变。月经周期功能的反馈系统可能存在多条干扰途径，可直接通过下丘脑 - 垂体 - 卵巢轴，也可间接通过其他神经内分泌轴。
1997 - 1998年对1973年暴露于PBBs的队列中的女性开展了密歇根女性健康研究。该研究纳入了337名自我报告月经周期为20 - 35天的女性（年龄范围：24 - 56岁）。当前PBB水平通过对1976 - 1987年密歇根PBB队列入组时采集的血清PBB水平进行指数衰减建模来估算。月经周期长度和出血天数对数的线性回归模型使用估算的当前PBB暴露量或按三分位数及上十分位数分类的入组时PBB暴露量。所有模型均对血清PCB水平、年龄、体重指数、过去一年至少减重10%的病史、身体活动、吸烟、教育程度和家庭收入进行了校正。
较高的身体活动水平与较短的出血天数相关，年龄增长与较短的月经周期长度相关。虽然未发现PBB暴露与月经周期特征之间存在总体关联，但发现PBB暴露与过去一年体重减轻之间存在显著交互作用。在过去一年体重减轻的女性中，较高的PBB暴露与较长的出血天数和较短的月经周期长度相关。
本研究表明，PBB暴露可能会影响卵巢功能，如月经周期长度和出血天数所示。然而，这些关联是在少数近期体重减轻的女性中发现的，这表明可能是偶然发现，或者从脂质储存中动员PBBs可能很重要。这些结果应在更多暴露于类似亲脂性化合物的女性中进行重复验证。
