Keeling Linda J
Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
Ambio. 2005 Jun;34(4-5):316-9. doi: 10.1639/0044-7447(2005)034[0316:hahawa]2.0.co;2.
Good animal welfare is necessary if an agricultural system is to be sustainable. Although we have been concerned about the welfare of our animals since we first domesticated them and became dependent on their health and reproduction, this article focuses mainly on the development of the animal welfare debate since the 1960s. It presents animal welfare as a science that arose from society's concern about the way animals are kept. These moral and ethical concerns lead to it having a value framework that must also be taken into consideration. Different definitions of animal welfare, as well as examples of research, are presented and discussed in the light of developments in this area. For example, in recent years there has been an increased interest among consumers for animal-friendly products, as there has been for environment friendly products, and this has stimulated the move from experimental studies of animal welfare to its application in practice and to monitoring animal welfare on farms. Traditionally such measurements have been resource based, e.g. specifying the minimum amount of feeding space or the maximum stocking density, but now the trend is toward animal-based measures, such as the numberof lame animals, body condition, etc.
要使农业系统具有可持续性，良好的动物福利是必不可少的。自从我们最初驯化动物并依赖它们的健康和繁殖以来，我们就一直关注动物的福利，但本文主要关注自20世纪60年代以来动物福利辩论的发展。本文将动物福利视为一门源于社会对动物饲养方式关注的科学。这些道德和伦理问题导致它有一个价值框架，这一点也必须予以考虑。根据该领域的发展情况，本文介绍并讨论了动物福利的不同定义以及研究实例。例如，近年来，消费者对动物友好型产品的兴趣日益增加，就像对环境友好型产品的兴趣一样，这推动了从动物福利的实验研究向其在实践中的应用以及对农场动物福利的监测的转变。传统上，此类衡量标准基于资源，例如规定最小饲养空间量或最大饲养密度，但现在的趋势是转向基于动物的衡量标准，如跛足动物数量、身体状况等。
