Grogan L, Tiernan M, Geogeghan N, Smyth B, Keenan E
Addiction Services, Bridge House, Cherry Orchard Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Ir J Med Sci. 2005 Apr-Jun;174(2):14-20. doi: 10.1007/BF03169123.
Injecting drug users are at high-risk of bloodborne virus infections including hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis B (HBV) and HIV.
To document screening for and immunisation against bloodborne viruses and to determine the known prevalence and incidence of these infections.
A cross-sectional survey of clients attending 21 specialist addiction treatment clinics in one health board area in greater Dublin. Data collected on demographic characteristics, serology for HCV, HBV and HIV and immunisation against HBV.
A total of 316 (88%) had been tested for anti-HCV antibody, 244 (68%) had been tested for anti hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), 299 (84%) had been tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 307 (86%) had been tested for anti-HIV antibody. The prevalence of anti-HCV, anti-HBc, HBsAg, and anti-HIV were: 66%, 17%, 2% and 11% respectively. The incidence of HCV, HBV and HIV infections were: 24.5, 9.0 and 3.4 per hundred person years respectively. Eighty-one per cent of those in whom it was indicated, had started a targeted HBV immunisation programme in the clinics.
The proportion of clients screened for HCV, HBV and HIV infection has increased since the introduction of a screening protocol in 1998. Targeted vaccination for opiate users against hepatitis B is more successful than previously shown in Ireland. The prevalence and incidence of bloodborne viruses remains high among opiate users attending addiction treatment services, despite an increase in availability of harm reduction interventions.
注射吸毒者感染包括丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和艾滋病毒（HIV）在内的血源病毒的风险很高。
记录血源病毒的筛查和免疫情况，并确定这些感染的已知患病率和发病率。
对都柏林大区一个卫生委员会区域内21家专科成瘾治疗诊所的就诊者进行横断面调查。收集了人口统计学特征、HCV、HBV和HIV的血清学检测结果以及HBV免疫接种情况的数据。
共有316人（88%）接受了抗HCV抗体检测，244人（68%）接受了抗乙肝核心抗体（抗-HBc）检测，299人（84%）接受了乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）检测，307人（86%）接受了抗HIV抗体检测。抗HCV、抗-HBc、HBsAg和抗HIV的患病率分别为66%、17%、2%和11%。HCV、HBV和HIV感染的发病率分别为每百人年24.5例、9.0例和3.4例。在有指征的人群中，81%的人已在诊所开始了针对性的HBV免疫接种计划。
自1998年引入筛查方案以来，接受HCV、HBV和HIV感染筛查的就诊者比例有所增加。在爱尔兰，针对阿片类药物使用者的乙肝靶向疫苗接种比以前显示得更成功。尽管减少伤害干预措施的可及性有所增加，但在接受成瘾治疗服务的阿片类药物使用者中，血源病毒的患病率和发病率仍然很高。
