Fitzgerald M, Barry J, O'Sullivan P, Thornton L
Food Safety Authority of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
Ir J Med Sci. 2001 Jan-Mar;170(1):32-4. doi: 10.1007/BF03167717.
Injecting drug users are at high risk of acquiring blood-borne infections. Ireland has had a harm reduction policy of methadone maintenance and needle exchange since 1992.
To estimate prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV infection and appropriate uptake of hepatitis B vaccine in methadone attendees and to make recommendations for a simple record-based surveillance system.
Retrospective study of 138 client records for evidence of laboratory tests or test results for blood-borne viruses and appropriate immunisation against hepatitis B.
A total of 60% of clients had evidence of one or more laboratory tests in their notes. Of those tested for individual viruses, 5.1% were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, 78.8% had antibodies to hepatitis C and 16.7% were HIV positive. Nearly two-thirds of clients had no evidence of vaccination or information on prior immunity in their records.
A standardised written protocol for screening for blood-borne viruses and for immunisation against hepatitis B in methadone service attendees was clearly needed, and was subsequently introduced by the Eastern Region Health Authority.
注射吸毒者感染血源性传染病的风险很高。自1992年以来，爱尔兰一直实行美沙酮维持治疗和针头交换的减少伤害政策。
评估美沙酮治疗者中乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和艾滋病毒感染的流行率以及乙型肝炎疫苗的适当接种情况，并为一个简单的基于记录的监测系统提出建议。
对138份客户记录进行回顾性研究，以寻找血源性病毒的实验室检测证据或检测结果以及针对乙型肝炎的适当免疫接种证据。
共有60%的客户在其病历中有一项或多项实验室检测的证据。在接受个别病毒检测的人中，5.1%的人乙型肝炎表面抗原呈阳性，78.8%的人有丙型肝炎抗体，16.7%的人艾滋病毒呈阳性。近三分之二的客户在其记录中没有接种疫苗的证据或既往免疫情况的信息。
显然需要为美沙酮治疗者制定一项筛查血源性病毒和接种乙型肝炎疫苗的标准化书面方案，随后东部地区卫生局引入了该方案。
