Ribeiro Fernando de Andrade Quintanilha, Taciro Edson, Guerra Marília Ribeiro M, Eckley Claudia A
Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Santa Casa School of Medicine of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
J Dermatolog Treat. 2005 Aug;16(3):138-41. doi: 10.1080/09546630510041277.
Oral ivermectin has been widely used to treat various human diseases, such as filariasis, myiasis, larva migrans, strongyloidiasis and scabies (both the common and crusted forms). However, there are only a small number of papers on the effects of this drug for the control of scabies in infested environments. The current study shows the results obtained with the collective treatment of inmates of a public jail.
A total of 123 inmates living in a restricted and contaminated environment were evaluated clinically by experienced dermatologists for the assessment of the degree of infestation by Sarcoptes scabiei, and were then treated with oral ivermectin (200-300 micorg/kg single dose repeated after 7 days). Both clothing and environment were disinfected. Patients were re-evaluated after 15 days.
In all, 78% of the inmates were infected upon initial evaluation. Re-evaluation 15 days after repeat treatment revealed a cure rate of 91.05%. Prophylaxis was also highly effective, where 93.2% of the non-infected inmates and virtually all the house staff remained disease-free throughout the study period. Two of the 29 inmates (6.8%) who showed no apparent lesions upon initial examination were found to be infected upon re-evaluation. These patients responded well to a third dose of ivermectin.
Oral ivermectin at a dose of 300 microg/kg single dose repeated after 7 days proved effective for the treatment and prophylaxis of scabies in an infected institutional environment.
口服伊维菌素已被广泛用于治疗各种人类疾病，如丝虫病、蝇蛆病、幼虫移行症、类圆线虫病和疥疮（普通型和结痂型）。然而，关于这种药物在受感染环境中控制疥疮效果的论文数量很少。本研究展示了对一所公共监狱囚犯进行集体治疗所获得的结果。
共有123名生活在受限且受污染环境中的囚犯由经验丰富的皮肤科医生进行临床评估，以评估疥螨感染程度，然后口服伊维菌素（单剂量200 - 300微克/千克，7天后重复给药）。衣物和环境均进行了消毒。15天后对患者进行重新评估。
初始评估时，共有78%的囚犯被感染。重复治疗15天后重新评估显示治愈率为91.05%。预防措施也非常有效，93.2%未感染的囚犯以及几乎所有的狱警在整个研究期间都未患病。在初始检查时无明显皮损的29名囚犯中，有2名（6.8%）在重新评估时被发现感染。这些患者对第三剂伊维菌素反应良好。
单剂量300微克/千克、7天后重复给药的口服伊维菌素被证明对受感染机构环境中的疥疮治疗和预防有效。
