Egermark Inger, Carlsson Gunnar E, Magnusson Tomas
Department of Orthodontics, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
Angle Orthod. 2005 Jul;75(4):645-50. doi: 10.1043/0003-3219(2005)75[645:APLSOS]2.0.CO;2.
This investigation analyzed the influence of orthodontic treatment performed in childhood on the long-term development of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). The original sample consisted of 50 consecutive patients (27 girls and 23 boys) with different morphological malocclusions, who were to receive orthodontic treatment. Their mean age at start of treatment was 12.9 years. Seventeen (range 15-18) years after completion of orthodontic treatment, 40 former patients (89% of the traced subjects) completed and returned a questionnaire, and 31 subjects (69% of the traced subjects) were also examined clinically. A great majority of the participants were pleased with the result of the orthodontic treatment. Relapses of morphological malocclusions were very uncommon. The prevalence of signs and symptoms of TMD was low both before and after the active phase of orthodontic treatment, as well as at the long-term follow-up after 15 to 18 years. The incidence per year of manifest TMD requiring treatment was approximately 1%. The result of the present investigation supports the opinion that orthodontic treatment in childhood does not entail an increased risk to develop either signs or symptoms of TMD later in life.
本研究分析了儿童期进行的正畸治疗对颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMDs）体征和症状长期发展的影响。原始样本包括50例连续的患有不同形态错牙合畸形且即将接受正畸治疗的患者（27名女孩和23名男孩）。他们开始治疗时的平均年龄为12.9岁。正畸治疗完成17年（范围15 - 18年）后，40名 former patients（追踪对象的89%）完成并返回了一份问卷，31名受试者（追踪对象的69%）还接受了临床检查。绝大多数参与者对正畸治疗的结果感到满意。形态错牙合畸形的复发非常少见。正畸治疗活跃期之前和之后，以及15至18年后的长期随访中，TMD体征和症状的患病率都很低。每年需要治疗的明显TMD的发病率约为1%。本研究结果支持这样一种观点，即儿童期的正畸治疗不会增加日后出现TMD体征或症状的风险。
