Lagerström L, Egermark I, Carlsson G E
Department of Public and Child Dental Health, Dublin Dental Hospital, Ireland.
Swed Dent J. 1998;22(5-6):177-86.
Fifty-five per cent of the 1554 19-year old subjects in Halmstad, Sweden, born in 1975, have received orthodontic treatment. Among these, 520 have been treated by specialists (specialist group) and 340 by general practitioners after consultation with specialists (consultation group). The aims were to study the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in these two groups on a long-term basis, to identify any possible difference between the groups, and to compare the results with those from a previously presented epidemiological study (control group). From the population of orthodontically treated subjects, a sample was randomly selected to represent the two groups, and 260 subjects agreed to attend for investigation, the participation rate being 77%. The investigation consisted of a questionnaire and clinical examination focusing on function and dysfunction of the masticatory system. Severe signs and symptoms of TMD were rare, the prevalence did not differ significantly between the two orthodontic groups, and the results were similar in the control group. The prevalence of several signs and symptoms was more common in females than in males. No significant correlation between TMD signs and symptoms and occlusal contact recordings was found. It was concluded that the vast majority of the 19-year old individuals who had undergone orthodontic treatment had well-functioning masticatory systems, and severe signs and symptoms of TMD were rare.
瑞典哈尔姆斯塔德1975年出生的1554名19岁受试者中，55%接受过正畸治疗。其中，520人由专科医生治疗（专科医生组），340人在咨询专科医生后由全科医生治疗（咨询组）。目的是长期研究这两组颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）体征和症状的患病率，确定两组之间可能存在的差异，并将结果与之前一项流行病学研究的结果（对照组）进行比较。从接受正畸治疗的受试者群体中随机抽取样本代表两组，260名受试者同意参加调查，参与率为77%。调查包括一份问卷和侧重于咀嚼系统功能与功能障碍的临床检查。TMD的严重体征和症状很少见，两个正畸组之间的患病率没有显著差异，对照组的结果也相似。几种体征和症状的患病率在女性中比在男性中更常见。未发现TMD体征和症状与咬合接触记录之间存在显著相关性。得出的结论是，绝大多数接受过正畸治疗的19岁个体咀嚼系统功能良好，TMD的严重体征和症状很少见。
