Sampaolesi M, Biressi S, Tonlorenzi R, Innocenzi A, Draghici E, Cusella de Angelis M G, Cossu G
Stem Cell Research Institute, H. S. Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Arch Ital Biol. 2005 Sep;143(3-4):235-42.
Mesoangioblasts are multipotent progenitors of mesodermal tissues. In vitro mesoangioblasts differentiate into many mesoderm cell types, such as smooth, cardiac and striated muscle, bone and endothelium. After transplantation mesoangioblasts colonize mostly mesoderm tissues and differentiate into many cell types of the mesoderm. When delivered through the arterial circulation, mesoangioblasts significantly restore skeletal muscle structure and function in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy. Their ability to extensively self-renew in vitro, while retaining multipotency, qualifies mesoangioblasts as a novel class of stem cells. Phenotype, properties and possible origin of mesoangioblasts are addressed in the first part of this paper. In the second part we will focus on the cell therapy approach for the treatment of Muscular Dystrophy and we will describe why mesangioblasts appear to be promising candidates for this strategy.
中胚层血管母细胞是中胚层组织的多能祖细胞。在体外，中胚层血管母细胞可分化为多种中胚层细胞类型，如平滑肌、心肌、横纹肌、骨和内皮细胞。移植后，中胚层血管母细胞大多定植于中胚层组织，并分化为中胚层的多种细胞类型。通过动脉循环输送时，中胚层血管母细胞可显著恢复肌营养不良小鼠模型中的骨骼肌结构和功能。中胚层血管母细胞在体外具有广泛自我更新的能力，同时保留多能性，这使其成为一类新型干细胞。本文第一部分讨论了中胚层血管母细胞的表型、特性及可能的起源。在第二部分中，我们将重点关注治疗肌营养不良的细胞治疗方法，并阐述为什么中胚层血管母细胞似乎是该策略的有前景的候选细胞。
