Zacco E, Pividori M I, Alegret S
Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2006 Jan 15;21(7):1291-301. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2005.05.016. Epub 2005 Aug 10.
Rigid conducting biocomposites are versatile and effective transducing materials for the construction of a wide range of amperometric biosensors such as immunosensors, genosensors and enzymosensors, particularly if the transducer is bulk-modified with universal affinity biomolecules. The strept(avidin)-graphite-epoxy biocomposite could be considered as an universal immobilization platform whereon biotinylated DNAs, oligonucleotides, enzymes or antibodies can be captured by means of the highly affinity (strept)avidin-biotin reaction. Universal affinity biocomposite-based biosensors offer many potential advantages compared to more traditional electrochemical biosensors commonly based on a biologically surface-modified transducer. The integration of many materials into one matrix is their main advantage. As biological bulk-modified materials, the conducting biocomposites act not only as transducers, but also as reservoir for the biomaterial. After its use, the electrode surface can be renewed by a simple polishing procedure, establishing a clear advantage of these approaches relative to classical biosensors and other common biological assays. Moreover, the same material is useful for the analysis of many molecules whose determinations are based on genetic, enzymatic or immunological reactions. The different strategies for electrochemical genosensing, immunosensing and enzymosensing, all of them being dependent on the presence of a redox enzyme marker for the generation of the electrochemical signal, based on this universal affinity biocomposite platform are all presented and discussed.
刚性导电生物复合材料是用于构建多种电流型生物传感器（如免疫传感器、基因传感器和酶传感器）的通用且有效的传感材料，特别是当传感器用通用亲和生物分子进行整体修饰时。链霉（抗生物素蛋白）-石墨-环氧树脂生物复合材料可被视为一个通用的固定平台，通过高亲和力的链霉（抗生物素蛋白）-生物素反应，可在其上捕获生物素化的DNA、寡核苷酸、酶或抗体。与通常基于生物表面修饰传感器的更传统电化学生物传感器相比，基于通用亲和生物复合材料的生物传感器具有许多潜在优势。将多种材料整合到一个基质中是其主要优势。作为生物整体修饰材料，导电生物复合材料不仅作为传感器，还作为生物材料的储存库。使用后，电极表面可通过简单的抛光程序进行更新，相对于传统生物传感器和其他常见生物检测方法，这些方法具有明显优势。此外，相同的材料可用于分析许多基于基因、酶或免疫反应进行测定的分子。本文介绍并讨论了基于这种通用亲和生物复合材料平台的电化学基因传感、免疫传感和酶传感的不同策略，所有这些策略都依赖于氧化还原酶标记物的存在来产生电化学信号。
