Clarke P E, Rousham E K, Gross H, Halligan A W F, Bosio P
Department of Human Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK.
Ann Hum Biol. 2005 May-Jun;32(3):247-58. doi: 10.1080/03014460500049915.
Few studies provide data regarding the integrated everyday activities of Western pregnant women. The study aimed to quantify changes in the daily activity of women during pregnancy and to examine whether pregnancy has a differential impact on different activity domains.
A prospective, longitudinal study of maternal time allocation and activity was carried out.
The time allocation patterns of 57 healthy nulliparous pregnant women were assessed at 16, 25, 34 and 38 weeks gestation by semi-structured interview. Mean total daily activity levels (DALs) were estimated according to the intensity and duration of each activity reported. Self-reported activity was sub-divided into occupational, recreational, domestic and nocturnal activity ratios.
From 16 to 34 weeks gestation mean self-reported DAL declined significantly from 1.54 to 1.40 METS (Metabolic Equivalent TEE Score, where TEE is total energy expenditure) (p < 0.001). In the different activity domains, mean occupational activity ratio decreased (p < 0.002) whilst nocturnal activity ratio increased (p < 0.002) from 16 to 34 weeks. Mean recreational activity ratio decreased significantly between 25 and 38 weeks (p < 0.001) but no significant changes were observed in mean domestic activity ratio.
Low-risk pregnancy has a differential impact on occupational, recreational and domestic domains. Economies in energy expenditure appear to be made in occupational and recreational activity while domestic activities are largely maintained during pregnancy. Changes in physical activity may be influenced more by the type of activity rather than the intensity of activity.
很少有研究提供关于西方孕妇日常综合活动的数据。本研究旨在量化孕期女性日常活动的变化，并考察怀孕是否对不同活动领域有不同影响。
对孕妇的时间分配和活动进行了一项前瞻性纵向研究。
通过半结构化访谈，在妊娠16、25、34和38周时评估了57名健康未生育孕妇的时间分配模式。根据所报告的每项活动的强度和持续时间，估计每日平均总活动水平（DALs）。自我报告的活动分为职业、娱乐、家务和夜间活动比例。
从妊娠16周到34周，自我报告的平均DAL从1.54代谢当量显著下降至1.40代谢当量（代谢当量TEE评分，其中TEE是总能量消耗）（p<0.001）。在不同活动领域，从16周到34周，职业活动平均比例下降（p<0.002），而夜间活动比例上升（p<0.002）。娱乐活动平均比例在25周和38周之间显著下降（p<0.001），但家务活动平均比例未观察到显著变化。
低风险妊娠对职业、娱乐和家务领域有不同影响。职业和娱乐活动中似乎出现了能量消耗的节省，而孕期家务活动基本保持不变。身体活动的变化可能更多地受活动类型而非活动强度的影响。
