Beaulieu Yanick, Marik Paul E
Division of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, 5400 boul. Gouin O., Montreal, Québec, Canada, H4J 1C5.
Chest. 2005 Aug;128(2):881-95. doi: 10.1378/chest.128.2.881.
Ultrasonography has become an invaluable tool in the management of critically ill patients. Its safety and portability allow for use at the bedside to provide rapid, detailed information regarding the cardiovascular system and the function and anatomy of certain internal organs. Echocardiography can noninvasively elucidate cardiac function and structure. This information is vital in the management hemodynamically unstable patients in the ICU. In addition, ultrasonography has particular value for the assessment and safe drainage of pleural and intra-abdominal fluid and the placement of central venous catheters. A new generation of portable, battery-powered, inexpensive, hand-carried ultrasound devices have recently become available; these devices can provide immediate diagnostic information not assessable by physical examination alone and allow for ultrasound-guided thoracocentesis, paracentesis, and central venous cannulation. This two-part article reviews the application of bedside ultrasonography in the ICU.
超声检查已成为危重症患者管理中一项非常重要的工具。其安全性和便携性使其能够在床边使用，以提供有关心血管系统以及某些内部器官的功能和解剖结构的快速、详细信息。超声心动图可以无创地阐明心脏功能和结构。这些信息对于重症监护病房中血流动力学不稳定患者的管理至关重要。此外，超声检查在评估和安全引流胸腔和腹腔积液以及放置中心静脉导管方面具有特殊价值。最近出现了新一代便携式、电池供电、价格低廉的手持式超声设备；这些设备可以提供仅凭体格检查无法获得的即时诊断信息，并允许进行超声引导下的胸腔穿刺术、腹腔穿刺术和中心静脉插管。这篇分两部分的文章回顾了床边超声检查在重症监护病房中的应用。
