Portnoy J, King K, Kanarek H, Horner S
Section of Allergy/Immunology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri.
Ann Allergy. 1992 Jun;68(6):493-8.
Rush immunotherapy (RIT) was administered on an outpatient basis to 11 patients. Of these, nine had asthma and four were steroid-dependent. All patients received extracts containing a mixture of antigens to which they were prick-sensitive. FEV1s were greater than 80% predicted before starting RIT. Four patients each required a 1 week steroid "burst" to accomplish this. A series of 8 subcutaneous injections were given starting with 0.3 mL of 1:100,000 (wt/vol) and ending with 0.10 mL of 1:100 (wt/vol) 1.5 days later. A dose of 0.15 mL of 1:100 was given weekly after that. All patients but one completed the RIT. Four had sore arms, four had pruritus and/or sneezing, four developed wheezing, and one experienced anaphylaxis with hypotension. Systemic reactions tended to occur at the higher doses and usually more than 30 minutes after a previous injection. Subsequent weekly injections were tolerated without reactions by seven of the patients. Rush immunotherapy is an effective method for administering a high dose of allergen in a very short time period. Due to the risk of systemic reactions it needs to be given under carefully controlled conditions.
对11例患者进行了门诊快速免疫疗法（RIT）。其中，9例患有哮喘，4例依赖类固醇。所有患者均接受了含有其皮试敏感的抗原混合物的提取物。开始RIT治疗前，第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）大于预测值的80%。4例患者各自需要进行为期1周的类固醇“冲击疗法”来实现这一点。从0.3 mL的1:100,000（重量/体积）开始，1.5天后以0.10 mL的1:100（重量/体积）结束，进行一系列8次皮下注射。此后每周给予0.15 mL的1:100剂量。除1例患者外，所有患者均完成了RIT治疗。4例患者出现手臂酸痛，4例出现瘙痒和/或打喷嚏，4例出现喘息，1例发生伴有低血压的过敏反应。全身反应往往发生在较高剂量时，且通常在前一次注射后30分钟以上出现。7例患者对随后的每周注射耐受，未出现反应。快速免疫疗法是在极短时间内给予高剂量过敏原的一种有效方法。由于存在全身反应的风险，需要在严格控制的条件下进行。
