Hatem Marie, Fraser William, Lepire Edith
Faculté des sciences infirmières, Université de Montréal et Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Ste-Justine, Montréal (Québec).
J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2005 Jul;27(7):682-8. doi: 10.1016/s1701-2163(16)30546-1.
To describe the quality of life of primiparous women with urinary or anal incontinence.
A questionnaire was mailed at six months postpartum to 2492 primiparous women living in Quebec. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was assessed at six months postpartum through the FPSUND severity score index; the prevalence of anal incontinence was assessed by the grading system of Vaizey et al.; the quality of life of women who developed incontinence was assessed using the Shumaker's I-QOL for urinary incontinence and Lowry's quality of life instrument for anal incontinence. Descriptive analysis, t-test, analysis of variance, and linear regression were used.
The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 29.6% and of anal incontinence was 20.6%. Quality of life was affected significantly by the presence of urinary incontinence or both forms of incontinence (P 0.001) and by the type of urinary incontinence (P < 0.001). Women with all types of anal incontinence had significantly lower quality of life scores for access to toilet (P < 0.001), lifestyle (P < 0.01), self-esteem (P = 0.037), and total score (P < 0.001). Quality of life correlated with the severity of both urinary incontinence and anal incontinence: the more severe the urinary or anal incontinence, the lower the quality of life score.
Women who have urinary or anal incontinence, or both, have significant reductions in indicators of quality of life. Research is needed to evaluate strategies for preventing and treating these problems.
描述有尿失禁或大便失禁的初产妇的生活质量。
在产后6个月向居住在魁北克的2492名初产妇邮寄了一份问卷。通过FPSUND严重程度评分指数评估产后6个月时尿失禁的患病率；通过Vaizey等人的分级系统评估大便失禁的患病率；使用舒梅克的尿失禁I-QOL和洛瑞的大便失禁生活质量量表评估发生失禁的女性的生活质量。采用描述性分析、t检验、方差分析和线性回归分析。
尿失禁患病率为29.6%，大便失禁患病率为20.6%。尿失禁或两种形式的失禁的存在（P<0.001）以及尿失禁的类型（P<0.001）对生活质量有显著影响。所有类型大便失禁的女性在使用厕所（P<0.001）、生活方式（P<0.01）、自尊（P=0.037）和总分（P<0.001）方面的生活质量得分显著较低。生活质量与尿失禁和大便失禁的严重程度相关：尿失禁或大便失禁越严重，生活质量得分越低。
有尿失禁或大便失禁或两者兼有的女性生活质量指标显著降低。需要开展研究以评估预防和治疗这些问题的策略。
