Stewart George C
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211-7310, USA.
Mol Microbiol. 2005 Sep;57(5):1177-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04760.x.
The characteristic shape of a bacterial cell is a function of the three dimensional architectures of the cell envelope and is determined by the balance between lateral wall extension and synthesis of peptidoglycan at the division septum. The three dimensional patterns of cell wall synthesis in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis is influenced by actin-like proteins that form helical coils in the cell and by the MreCD membrane proteins that link the cytoskeletal elements with the penicillin-binding proteins that carry out peptidoglycan synthesis. Recent genetic studies have provided important clues as to how these proteins are arranged in the cell and how they function to regulate cell shape.
细菌细胞的特征形状是细胞壁三维结构的一种功能体现，由侧壁延伸与隔膜处肽聚糖合成之间的平衡所决定。枯草芽孢杆菌细胞壁合成的三维模式受到细胞内形成螺旋线圈的肌动蛋白样蛋白以及将细胞骨架元件与进行肽聚糖合成的青霉素结合蛋白相连的MreCD膜蛋白的影响。最近的遗传学研究为这些蛋白质在细胞中的排列方式以及它们如何调节细胞形状发挥作用提供了重要线索。
