Samejima Kumiko, Earnshaw William C
Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Swann Building, King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Sep;6(9):677-88. doi: 10.1038/nrm1715.
Two classes of nucleases degrade the cellular DNA during apoptosis. Cell-autonomous nucleases cleave DNA within the dying cell. They are not essential for apoptotic cell death or the life of the organism, but they might affect the efficiency of the process. By contrast, waste-management nucleases are essential for the life of the organism. In post-engulfment DNA degradation, the DNA of apoptotic cells is destroyed in lysosomes of the cells that have phagocytosed the corpses. Waste-management nucleases also destroy DNA that is released into the extracellular compartment. Here, we describe the complex group of nucleases that are involved in DNA destruction during apoptotic cell death.
在细胞凋亡过程中，两类核酸酶会降解细胞内的DNA。细胞自主核酸酶在垂死细胞内切割DNA。它们对于凋亡性细胞死亡或生物体的生命并非必不可少，但可能会影响这一过程的效率。相比之下，废物管理核酸酶对于生物体的生命至关重要。在吞噬后DNA降解过程中，凋亡细胞的DNA在吞噬了凋亡小体的细胞的溶酶体中被破坏。废物管理核酸酶还会破坏释放到细胞外区室的DNA。在此，我们描述了参与凋亡性细胞死亡过程中DNA破坏的复杂核酸酶群体。
