Belke Eva, Meyer Antje S, Damian Markus F
Behavioural Brain Sciences Centre, The University of Birmingham, School of Psychology--Hills Building, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol A. 2005 May;58(4):667-92. doi: 10.1080/02724980443000142.
In the cyclic semantic blocking paradigm participants repeatedly name sets of objects with semantically related names (homogeneous sets) or unrelated names (heterogeneous sets). The naming latencies are typically longer in related than in unrelated sets. In Experiment 1 we replicated this semantic blocking effect and demonstrated that the effect only arose after all objects of a set had been shown and named once. In Experiment 2, the objects of a set were presented simultaneously (instead of on successive trials). Evidence for semantic blocking was found in the naming latencies and in the gaze durations for the objects, which were longer in homogeneous than in heterogeneous sets. For the gaze-to-speech lag between the offset of gaze on an object and the onset of the articulation of its name, a repetition priming effect was obtained but no blocking effect. Experiment 3 showed that the blocking effect for speech onset latencies generalized to new, previously unnamed lexical items. We propose that the blocking effect is due to refractory behaviour in the semantic system.
在循环语义阻塞范式中，参与者反复用语义相关的名称（同类集合）或不相关的名称（异类集合）来命名物体集合。通常，相关集合中的命名潜伏期比不相关集合中的更长。在实验1中，我们重复了这种语义阻塞效应，并证明该效应仅在一组中的所有物体都被展示并命名一次后才会出现。在实验2中，一组中的物体是同时呈现的（而不是在连续的试验中）。在命名潜伏期以及物体的注视持续时间方面发现了语义阻塞的证据，同类集合中的注视持续时间比异类集合中的更长。对于物体上的注视偏移与其名称发音开始之间的注视到语音延迟，获得了重复启动效应，但没有阻塞效应。实验3表明，语音起始潜伏期的阻塞效应推广到了新的、以前未命名的词汇项目。我们提出，阻塞效应是由于语义系统中的不应期行为所致。
