Mitchell Ann M, Sakraida Teresa J, Zalice Kirstyn K
University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Nurs Clin North Am. 2005 Sep;40(3):535-50, ix-x. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2005.04.006.
Disasters are tragic events that disrupt the normal functioning ofa community and overwhelm personal and community resources. The people who experience or simply witness traumatic events can be affected emotionally and develop a range of physical and emotional responses, which in turn can produce psychological, social, and physiological dysfunction. The challenge for health care providers is to recognize the range of emotions and to be able to identify when professional help is indicated. This article provides an overview of the human stress response and describes sources of stress that follow disasters, acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and interventions and resources used to care for victims after disasters.
灾难是扰乱社区正常运转、使个人和社区资源不堪重负的悲剧性事件。经历或仅仅目睹创伤性事件的人可能会受到情绪影响，并产生一系列身心反应，进而导致心理、社会和生理功能障碍。医疗保健提供者面临的挑战是识别各种情绪，并能够确定何时需要专业帮助。本文概述了人类的应激反应，描述了灾难后的应激源、急性应激障碍、创伤后应激障碍，以及灾难后用于照顾受害者的干预措施和资源。
