Romeo Russell D
Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Vitam Horm. 2005;71:1-25. doi: 10.1016/S0083-6729(05)71001-3.
Puberty is marked by dramatic changes in neuroendocrine function. These changes have profound effects on the structure and function of the maturing nervous system, resulting in altered physiological and behavioral potentials in the adult organism. Indeed, the changes in neurobehavioral development during puberty rival those occurring during neonatal development. This review discusses the pubertal maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes; specifically, how the pubertal rise in gonadal hormones influences the development of various steroid-dependent motivated behaviors in adulthood, as well as the differences in stress reactivity in prepubertal and adult animals. We conclude that puberty represents another significant and perhaps critical period of neurobehavioral development. Furthermore, we suggest that perturbations of the developing nervous system during this period of maturation may result in deleterious outcomes in the future physiological and behavioral function of an individual on reaching adulthood.
青春期以神经内分泌功能的显著变化为标志。这些变化对成熟神经系统的结构和功能产生深远影响，导致成年生物体的生理和行为潜能发生改变。事实上，青春期神经行为发育的变化与新生儿发育期间的变化相当。本综述讨论下丘脑 - 垂体 - 性腺轴和下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺轴的青春期成熟；具体而言，性腺激素在青春期的升高如何影响成年期各种类固醇依赖性动机行为的发展，以及青春期前和成年动物应激反应性的差异。我们得出结论，青春期代表神经行为发育的另一个重要且可能关键的时期。此外，我们认为在这个成熟时期发育中的神经系统受到干扰可能会导致个体成年后未来的生理和行为功能出现有害后果。
