Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2010 Apr;31(2):232-40. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.02.004. Epub 2010 Mar 1.
Modifications in neuroendocrine function are a hallmark of pubertal development. These changes have many short- and long-term implications for the physiological and neurobehavioral function of an individual. The purpose of the present review is to discuss our current understanding of how pubertal development and stress interact to affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the major neuroendocrine axis that controls the hormonal stress response. A growing body of literature indicates that puberty is marked by dramatic transitions in stress reactivity. Moreover, recent studies indicate that exposure to stressors during pubertal maturation may result in enduring changes in HPA responsiveness in adulthood. As puberty is marked by a substantial increase in many stress-related psychological and physiological disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety, drug abuse), it is essential to understand the factors that regulate and modulate HPA function during this crucial period of development.
神经内分泌功能的改变是青春期发育的一个标志。这些变化对个体的生理和神经行为功能有许多短期和长期的影响。本综述的目的是讨论我们目前对青春期发育和应激如何相互作用影响下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的理解，HPA 轴是控制激素应激反应的主要神经内分泌轴。越来越多的文献表明，青春期的应激反应会发生显著的转变。此外，最近的研究表明，在青春期成熟期间暴露于应激源可能导致成年后 HPA 反应性的持久变化。由于青春期与许多与应激相关的心理和生理障碍（如抑郁、焦虑、药物滥用）显著增加，因此了解调节和调节 HPA 功能的因素对于这一关键发育时期至关重要。
