Nauta M J, Hoekstra R F
Department of Genetics, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Heredity (Edinb). 1992 Jun;68 ( Pt 6):537-46. doi: 10.1038/hdy.1992.76.
The evolution of different reproductive systems in filamentous ascomycetes is studied in a population genetic model. These fungi differ essentially from higher plants and animals because mating types can exist in addition to male and female gametes, and the conidia serve as both male gametes and asexual spores; moreover, selfing is genetically equivalent to asexual reproduction in these haploid organisms. A variable fitness of ascospore production is predicted as the explanation for the evolution of two systems that abundantly exist in nature: hermaphroditism in heterothallic species and the formation of both asexual and sexual spores in homothallic species. Imperfect fungi will evolve if sexual spores do not show a remarkably higher fitness than asexual spores.
在一个群体遗传模型中研究丝状子囊菌不同生殖系统的进化。这些真菌与高等植物和动物本质上不同，因为除了雄配子和雌配子外还存在交配型，并且分生孢子既作为雄配子又作为无性孢子；此外，在这些单倍体生物中，自交在遗传上等同于无性繁殖。预测子囊孢子产生的可变适合度是对自然界中大量存在的两种系统进化的解释：异宗配合物种中的雌雄同体现象以及同宗配合物种中无性和有性孢子的形成。如果有性孢子没有表现出比无性孢子显著更高的适合度，不完全真菌将会进化。
