Mylonakis Mathios E, Papaioannou Nikolaos, Saridomichelakis Manolis N, Koutinas Alexander F, Billinis Charalambos, Kontos Vassilios I
Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Vet Clin Pathol. 2005 Sep;34(3):243-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2005.tb00048.x.
Lymphadenopathy in canine leishmaniosis has been reported as reactive lymphoid hyperplasia or granulomatous (histiocytic) lymphadenitis. However, we are unaware of information on the effect of latent Leishmania infection on lymph node cytology compared with clinically affected dogs.
The aim of the present study was to investigate cytologic patterns of lymphadenopathy in dogs with clinical and subclinical forms of leishmaniosis and to correlate cytologic findings with the density of Leishmania amastigotes in fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears.
FNA cytology of prescapular or popliteal lymph nodes was evaluated on 32 dogs with clinical evidence of leishmaniosis (group A), 24 subclinically infected dogs (group B), and 17 clinically healthy noninfected dogs (group C); groups were based on the results of serologic and PCR tests for Leishmania sp. Differential nucleated cell counts (based on 300 cells) and amastigote density were determined microscopically. Cytologic findings were categorized and compared among groups.
Cytologic abnormalities were found in 19 of 32 (59.4%) dogs in group A, 1 of 24 (4.2%) dogs in group B, and 2 of 17 (11.8%) dogs in group C and were significantly more frequent in group A than group B (P <.001) or C (P = .001). In group A, 68.7% of the dogs had lymphoid hyperplasia, 12.5% had lymphoid hyperplasia and histiocytic lymphadenitis, 6.3% had histiocytic lymphadenitis, and 3.1% had lymphoid hyperplasia and neutrophilic lymphadenitis. Lymphoid hyperplasia was also noted in 1 dog in group B, and lymphoid hyperplasia and eosinophilic lymphadenitis were each found in 1 dog in group C. Lymph node smears from 31 (96.9%) dogs in group A and 6 (25%) dogs in group B were positive for Leishmania amastigotes; however, no correlation was found between the density of amastigotes and cytopathologic patterns of lymphadenopathy.
Abnormal lymph node cytology is much more common in dogs with clinical leishmaniosis than in dogs with subclinical infection, and primarily involves lymphoid hyperplasia. Despite finding no association between the density of amastigotes and type of lymphadenopathy, lymph node cytology still is a valuable diagnostic tool for diagnosing canine leishmaniosis.
犬利什曼病中的淋巴结病曾被报道为反应性淋巴样增生或肉芽肿性（组织细胞性）淋巴结炎。然而，与临床患病犬相比，我们并不清楚潜伏性利什曼原虫感染对淋巴结细胞学的影响。
本研究旨在调查临床型和亚临床型利什曼病犬的淋巴结病细胞学模式，并将细胞学检查结果与细针穿刺（FNA）涂片利什曼原虫无鞭毛体密度相关联。
对32只具有利什曼病临床证据的犬（A组）、24只亚临床感染犬（B组）和17只临床健康未感染犬（C组）的肩胛前或腘淋巴结进行FNA细胞学评估；分组基于利什曼原虫的血清学和PCR检测结果。通过显微镜确定有核细胞分类计数（基于300个细胞）和无鞭毛体密度。对细胞学检查结果进行分类并在各组间比较。
A组32只犬中有19只（59.4%）存在细胞学异常，B组24只犬中有1只（4.2%），C组17只犬中有2只（11.8%）；A组的细胞学异常明显比B组（P <.001）或C组（P =.001）更常见。在A组中，68.7%的犬有淋巴样增生，12.5%有淋巴样增生和组织细胞性淋巴结炎，6.3%有组织细胞性淋巴结炎，3.1%有淋巴样增生和嗜中性粒细胞性淋巴结炎。B组有1只犬出现淋巴样增生，C组各有1只犬出现淋巴样增生和嗜酸性粒细胞性淋巴结炎。A组31只（96.9%）犬和B组6只（25%）犬的淋巴结涂片利什曼原虫无鞭毛体呈阳性；然而，未发现无鞭毛体密度与淋巴结病的细胞病理学模式之间存在相关性。
临床型利什曼病犬的异常淋巴结细胞学比亚临床感染犬更常见，主要表现为淋巴样增生。尽管未发现无鞭毛体密度与淋巴结病类型之间存在关联，但淋巴结细胞学仍是诊断犬利什曼病的有价值诊断工具。
