Sharps M J, Price J L
Department of Psychology, California State University, Fresno 93740-0011.
J Gen Psychol. 1992 Jan;119(1):81-7. doi: 10.1080/00221309.1992.9921160.
Research on mental imagery has demonstrated the importance of visual imagery to recall performance. Little attention, however, has been paid to the mnemonic value of auditory imagery. The present experiments addressed the influence of auditory and visual imagery on free recall. Characteristic sounds, pictures, or printed verbal labels of 40 common items were presented sequentially to adult subjects, who were asked to recall them after a 2-min retention interval. Pictures and characteristic sounds were associated with significantly better recall than were verbal labels alone, indicating that auditory imagery has mnemonic value similar to that of visual imagery. This effect was confirmed by further experiments. However, the effects of auditory and visual imagery on free recall were not shown to be additive.
关于心理意象的研究已经证明了视觉意象对回忆表现的重要性。然而，人们很少关注听觉意象的记忆价值。本实验探讨了听觉和视觉意象对自由回忆的影响。向成年受试者依次呈现40个常见物品的特征声音、图片或印刷文字标签，要求他们在2分钟的保持间隔后回忆这些物品。与单独的文字标签相比，图片和特征声音与显著更好的回忆相关，这表明听觉意象具有与视觉意象相似的记忆价值。进一步的实验证实了这一效果。然而，听觉和视觉意象对自由回忆的影响并非相加的。
