Koldjeski Dixie, Kirkpatrick Mary K, Swanson Melvin, Everett Lou, Brown Sylvia
School of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2005 Sep 1;32(5):1036-42. doi: 10.1188/05.ONF.1036-1042.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To propose a conceptualization that identifies when diagnostic delays occur and suggests a delay-reduction strategy for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
Findings and extrapolations from published national and international research studies, research reviews, books, Internet sources, and a family-functioning research project.
Three phases of diagnosis seeking were identified. Self-care was characterized by self-diagnosis, self-interpretation of symptoms, and self-management. Primary provider care was characterized by misdiagnosis and ineffective symptom management. Specialist care was characterized by specialized examinations, tests, and definitive diagnoses. Diagnostic delays were associated with extended periods of self-care and the misinterpretation of symptoms in primary care.
Periods of opportunity for early diagnosis occurred in the early symptom stages, when self- and primary care were dominant.
Women must be taught to self-monitor for early ovarian cancer symptoms. Primary care providers should be urged to attend frequent state-of-the-science updates that regard early symptoms as manifestations of ovarian cancer.
目的/目标：提出一种概念化方法，以确定诊断延迟发生的时间，并为卵巢癌的诊断提出一种减少延迟的策略。
已发表的国内和国际研究、研究综述、书籍、互联网资源以及一个家庭功能研究项目的研究结果和推断。
确定了寻求诊断的三个阶段。自我护理的特点是自我诊断、对症状的自我解读和自我管理。初级医疗服务提供者护理的特点是误诊和无效的症状管理。专科护理的特点是进行专门的检查、测试和明确诊断。诊断延迟与长时间的自我护理以及初级护理中对症状的错误解读有关。
早期诊断的机会期出现在早期症状阶段，此时自我护理和初级护理占主导地位。
必须教导女性自我监测卵巢癌的早期症状。应敦促初级医疗服务提供者经常参加将早期症状视为卵巢癌表现的最新科学进展培训。
