Galletly Robyn, Brauer Sandra G
Division of Physiotherapy, University of Queensland.
Aust J Physiother. 2005;51(3):175-80. doi: 10.1016/s0004-9514(05)70024-6.
Difficulty performing more than one task at a time is common in people with Parkinson's disease, resulting in interference with one or both tasks. While studies have shown that greater interference in gait occurs with more complex concurrent tasks, the impact of the type of concurrent task is unclear in the Parkinson's population. Thus the first purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the concurrent task (calculation, language, or motor) on gait in people with Parkinson's disease. As visual cues are commonly used to aid stride regulation in people with Parkinson's disease, the second purpose of this study was to determine whether this method of increasing stride length was still effective if other tasks were performed simultaneously. Sixteen patients with Parkinson's disease and 16 gender- and age-matched controls performed six cognitive and motor concurrent tasks when seated, walking 10 m, and walking over visual cues. Stride length decreased in people with Parkinson's disease when performing the concurrent calculation and language tasks, but not with the motor task. The language task was more complex than the calculation task, thus the effect was not due to task complexity alone. Visual cues were effective in improving stride length whilst maintaining velocity in people with Parkinson's disease, even when performed under dual task conditions. These findings highlight the importance of the task when assessing and retraining dual tasking during gait, and suggest that retraining dual tasking can occur whilst simultaneously using visual aids to regulate stride length.
帕金森病患者通常难以同时执行多项任务，从而干扰其中一项或两项任务。虽然研究表明，同时进行的任务越复杂，对步态的干扰就越大，但在帕金森病患者群体中，同时进行的任务类型的影响尚不清楚。因此，本研究的首要目的是调查同时进行的任务（计算、语言或运动）对帕金森病患者步态的影响。由于视觉线索通常用于帮助帕金森病患者调节步幅，本研究的第二个目的是确定如果同时执行其他任务，这种增加步幅的方法是否仍然有效。16名帕金森病患者和16名性别和年龄匹配的对照组在坐着、行走10米以及走过视觉线索时执行六项认知和运动同时进行的任务。帕金森病患者在执行同时进行的计算和语言任务时步幅减小，但在执行运动任务时步幅未减小。语言任务比计算任务更复杂，因此这种影响并非仅由任务复杂性导致。视觉线索在改善帕金森病患者步幅的同时能保持其速度，即使是在双重任务条件下执行时也是如此。这些发现突出了在评估和重新训练步态中的双重任务时任务的重要性，并表明在使用视觉辅助工具调节步幅的同时可以进行双重任务的重新训练。
