Hallemans Ann, De Clercq Dirk, Otten Bert, Aerts Peter
Laboratory for Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Belgium.
Gait Posture. 2005 Oct;22(2):107-18. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2004.07.010. Epub 2004 Nov 13.
This study aims at giving an insight into the causative forces of walking in toddlers. Therefore, joint angle, moment and power profiles of 10 toddlers with less than 6 months of walking experience are compared to the stereotype adult patterns. In general, joint moments are small, which can be explained both by the small size of toddlers and differences in walking strategy. Also mass specific powers are reduced due to the low average walking speed. Balance problems in toddlers lead to a dominance of hip and knee extending moments throughout stance. The joint moment profiles are characterized by a reduced complexity, which might suggest an immature control of movement. Another feature of toddler gait is that virtually no power is generated at the ankle joint prior to foot-off (no active push-off). We also examined the effect of walking experience on the toddler gait pattern. In general, an evolution towards a more mature gait becomes evident after 4 months of independent walking. Changes are observed in step-time parameters, ankle dorsiflexing moment and power absorption at the hip joint.
本研究旨在深入了解幼儿行走的驱动力。因此，将10名行走经验不足6个月的幼儿的关节角度、力矩和功率曲线与典型的成人模式进行比较。总体而言，关节力矩较小，这既可以用幼儿体型较小来解释，也可以用行走策略的差异来解释。此外，由于平均步行速度较低，单位质量功率也会降低。幼儿的平衡问题导致在整个站立期髋关节和膝关节伸展力矩占主导。关节力矩曲线的特点是复杂性降低，这可能表明运动控制不成熟。幼儿步态的另一个特点是，在离地前踝关节几乎不产生功率（无主动蹬地）。我们还研究了行走经验对幼儿步态模式的影响。一般来说，在独立行走4个月后，向更成熟步态的演变变得明显。在步时参数、踝关节背屈力矩和髋关节功率吸收方面观察到了变化。
