Davis S J, Schockmel G A, Somoza C, Buck D W, Healey D G, Rieber E P, Reiter C, Williams A F
MRC Cellular Immunology Unit, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, UK.
Nature. 1992 Jul 2;358(6381):76-9. doi: 10.1038/358076a0.
It has been proposed that antibodies can mimic the binding of a receptor to its ligand and that anti-idiotype antibodies raised against such antibodies can be used to identify the receptor. A large number of antibodies have been raised against CD4, the receptor on T cells for the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of the human immunodeficiency virus, and the site at which gp120 binds to CD4 has been delineated. It has therefore become possible to contrast the fine specificities of a natural ligand (gp120) and antibodies that interact with the receptor at the same site. Here we report that out of a panel of 225 anti-CD4 antibodies, only one showed fine binding specificity that was broadly like that of gp120, but the evidence was against this being an exact mimic. Thus the data indicate that the production of antibody mimics will occur very rarely or not at all and that the anti-idiotype approach is unlikely to be useful. This contention is supported by a review of the results of attempts to use this approach. Taking strict criteria for success, there is no example for which the anti-idiotype approach has led to the discovery of a previously undescribed receptor or other protein of interest.
有人提出，抗体可以模拟受体与其配体的结合，并且针对此类抗体产生的抗独特型抗体可用于识别该受体。人们已经产生了大量针对CD4的抗体，CD4是T细胞上人类免疫缺陷病毒包膜糖蛋白gp120的受体，并且已经确定了gp120与CD4结合的位点。因此，对比天然配体（gp120）和在同一位点与受体相互作用的抗体的精细特异性成为可能。在此我们报告，在一组225种抗CD4抗体中，只有一种显示出与gp120大致相似的精细结合特异性，但证据表明这并非精确模拟。因此，数据表明抗体模拟物的产生将非常罕见或根本不会发生，并且抗独特型方法不太可能有用。对使用该方法的尝试结果进行的综述支持了这一论点。采用严格的成功标准，没有实例表明抗独特型方法导致发现了先前未描述的受体或其他感兴趣的蛋白质。
