Ulutas B, Sahal M
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, 09016 Aydm, Turkey.
Acta Vet Hung. 2005;53(3):351-9. doi: 10.1556/AVet.53.2005.3.8.
The aim of this study was to monitor renal function in diarrhoeic calves and to determine the effectiveness of an applied fluid therapy. A total of 28 diarrhoeic (n = 18) and healthy (n = 10) Holstein-Friesian calves of different sexes, between 1 and 30 days of age, were used. Blood and urine samples were obtained from diarrhoeic calves before the treatment and then three more times at 24-h intervals during the treatment. From healthy calves, samples were taken only once. Therapy was started by the intravenous administration of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate and 0.9% sodium chloride solutions for the first 24 h, followed by the oral application of a commercial electrolyte solution (sodium chloride 3.5 g, trisodium citrate 2.9 g, potassium chloride 1.5 g and glucose anhydrous 20 g in 1 litre H2O) up to the 48th h of therapy. Before the therapy, the average levels of pH (7.10 +/- 0.12), bicarbonate (HCO3-) (16.48 +/- 3.80 mmol/l), base deficit (-12.65 +/- 5.97 mmo/l) and fractional excretion (FE) of sodium (0.16 +/- 0.11%) and potassium (15.07 +/- 8.56%) were significantly lower while serum urea (17.48 +/- 10.32 mmol/l) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations (169.72 +/- 98.12 micromol/l), haematocrit levels (45.13 +/- 13.60%) and urinary gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT)/Cr ratio (8.6 +/- 4.3 x 1/10(3) U/micromol) were significantly higher in diarrhoeic calves than in healthy calves. Alterations in parameters indicating the presence of renal dysfunction were normalised in the diarrhoeic calves that survived (83.3%). Three calves with severe metabolic acidosis and azotaemia died at the beginning of therapy. It was concluded that the FE of Na and K (FENa, FEK) and urine GGT/Cr ratio may have an important role in assessing renal function in diarrhoeic calves and in evaluating the effectiveness of an applied fluid therapy.
本研究的目的是监测腹泻犊牛的肾功能，并确定所应用的液体疗法的有效性。共使用了28头不同性别的1至30日龄的腹泻（n = 18）和健康（n = 10）荷斯坦-弗里生犊牛。在治疗前从腹泻犊牛采集血液和尿液样本，然后在治疗期间每隔24小时再采集三次。从健康犊牛仅采集一次样本。治疗开始时，在前24小时静脉输注8.4%碳酸氢钠和0.9%氯化钠溶液，随后在治疗的第48小时前口服一种商业电解质溶液（1升水中含氯化钠3.5克、柠檬酸三钠2.9克、氯化钾1.5克和无水葡萄糖20克）。治疗前，腹泻犊牛的pH（7.10±0.12）、碳酸氢盐（HCO3-）（16.48±3.80毫摩尔/升）、碱缺失（-12.65±5.97毫摩尔/升）以及钠（0.16±0.11%）和钾（15.07±8.56%）的排泄分数（FE）平均水平显著较低，而血清尿素（17.48±10.32毫摩尔/升）和肌酐（Cr）浓度（169.72±98.12微摩尔/升）、血细胞比容水平（45.13±13.60%）以及尿γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）/Cr比值（8.6±4.3×1/10(3)单位/微摩尔）显著高于健康犊牛。存活的腹泻犊牛（83.3%）中，表明存在肾功能障碍的参数变化恢复正常。三头患有严重代谢性酸中毒和氮血症的犊牛在治疗开始时死亡。得出的结论是，钠和钾的排泄分数（FENa、FEK）以及尿GGT/Cr比值在评估腹泻犊牛的肾功能和评价所应用的液体疗法的有效性方面可能具有重要作用。
