Dennis V A, Klei T R, Miller M A, Chapman M R, McClure J R
Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge 70803.
Vet Parasitol. 1992 Apr;42(1-2):83-99. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(92)90105-i.
Ten helminth-free pony foals divided into three groups were used in this study. Eight foals were each experimentally infected per os with 50 Strongylus vulgaris infective larvae weekly for 4 weeks, at which time one foal died of acute verminous arteritis. The remaining seven foals subsequently received 50 S. vulgaris infective larvae every 2 weeks for an additional 20 weeks. Four of the infected foals remained untreated (Group 1) and three of the infected foals were given ivermectin at 8, 16 and 24 weeks post initial infection (Group 2). Two foals served as controls (Group 3). Foals in Group 1 developed eosinophilia, which was sustained throughout the course of infection. A mild eosinophilia also developed in Group 2 foals; however, the eosinophil numbers were markedly reduced for 3 weeks after each ivermectin treatment. Only foals in Group 1 developed significant (P less than 0.05) hyperproteinemia, hyperbetaglobulinemia and a reversal of the albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio 4 weeks after initial infection. Significant (P less than 0.05) IgG anti-S. vulgaris ELISA titers developed in foals in Groups 1 and 2 3 weeks after infection and were sustained for the duration of the experiment. Western blot analysis of soluble somatic antigens of S. vulgaris adult female and male worms probed with sera from foals in Groups 1 and 2 revealed only subtle differences between these animals. The blastogenic reactivity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A was not significantly different between groups. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from foals in Groups 1 and 2 developed significant (P less than 0.05) blastogenic reactivity to S. vulgaris soluble adult somatic antigen when examined at 25 weeks after infection. Mesenteric lymph node cells from foals in Group 2, although not statistically significant, were more reactive to antigen than were the mesenteric lymph node cells from foals in Group 1 when examined at 27 weeks after infection. These results suggest that significant alterations in the immune response of ponies to S. vulgaris does not occur after intravascular killing of larvae by ivermectin treatments.
本研究使用了10匹无蠕虫的小马驹，将其分为三组。8匹小马驹每周经口感染50条普通圆线虫感染性幼虫，持续4周，在此期间有1匹小马驹死于急性蠕虫性动脉炎。其余7匹小马驹随后每2周再接受50条普通圆线虫感染性幼虫，持续20周。4匹感染的小马驹未接受治疗（第1组），3匹感染的小马驹在初次感染后第8、16和24周给予伊维菌素（第2组）。2匹小马驹作为对照（第3组）。第1组的小马驹出现嗜酸性粒细胞增多，在整个感染过程中持续存在。第2组的小马驹也出现了轻度嗜酸性粒细胞增多；然而，每次伊维菌素治疗后3周，嗜酸性粒细胞数量明显减少。只有第1组的小马驹在初次感染后4周出现显著（P<0.05）的高蛋白血症、高β球蛋白血症以及白蛋白/球蛋白（A/G）比值逆转。第1组和第2组的小马驹在感染后第3周出现显著（P<0.05）的抗普通圆线虫IgG ELISA滴度，并在实验期间持续存在。用第1组和第2组小马驹的血清检测普通圆线虫成年雌虫和雄虫的可溶性虫体抗原的蛋白质印迹分析显示，这些动物之间只有细微差异。各组外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）对植物血凝素和刀豆蛋白A的增殖反应性无显著差异。在感染后25周检测时，第1组和第2组小马驹的外周血单个核细胞对普通圆线虫可溶性成年虫体抗原产生显著（P<0.05）的增殖反应。在感染后27周检测时，第2组小马驹的肠系膜淋巴结细胞虽然无统计学意义，但比第1组小马驹的肠系膜淋巴结细胞对抗原有更强的反应性。这些结果表明，伊维菌素治疗使幼虫在血管内被杀死后，小马对普通圆线虫的免疫反应未发生显著改变。
