Stinson Frederick S, Grant Bridget F, Dawson Deborah A, Ruan W June, Huang Boji, Saha Tulshi
Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2005 Oct 1;80(1):105-16. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.03.009. Epub 2005 Apr 18.
To date, there have been no published data on 12-month comorbidity of DSM-IV alcohol and drug use disorders in the general U.S. population. The purposes of the present study were to examine the prevalence and comorbidity of alcohol and specific drug use disorders, and to identify sociodemographic and psychopathologic correlates and treatment seeking among three groups of respondents: (1) those with alcohol use disorders only; (2) those with drug use disorders only; (3) those with comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders.
Information on 12-month alcohol and specific drug use disorders in the United States was derived from face-to-face interviews in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's (NIAAA) 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC: n = 43,093).
Prevalences were 7.35% for alcohol use disorders only, 0.90% for drug use disorder only and 1.10% for comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders. Sociodemographic and psychopathologic correlates of these three groups were quite different, with the drug use disorder and comorbid groups significantly more likely to be young, male, never married and of lower socioeconomic status than the alcohol use disorder only group. Associations between current alcohol use disorders and 25 specific drug use disorders were generally positive and statistically significant. The 12-month prevalence of treatment seeking significantly increased from 6.06% for those with an alcohol use disorder only to 15.63% for those with a drug use disorder only, and to 21.76% for those with comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders.
This study provides detailed data on the homotypic comorbidity of alcohol use disorders and 25 different drug use disorders and confirms the high levels of association seen in previous studies based on lifetime measures. Implications of this study are discussed in terms of integrating alcohol and drug treatment services and refining prevention and intervention efforts.
迄今为止，在美国普通人群中，尚未有关于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）酒精和药物使用障碍12个月共病情况的公开数据。本研究的目的是调查酒精和特定药物使用障碍的患病率及共病情况，并确定三组受访者的社会人口统计学和心理病理学相关因素以及寻求治疗的情况：（1）仅患有酒精使用障碍者；（2）仅患有药物使用障碍者；（3）同时患有酒精和药物使用障碍者。
关于美国12个月酒精和特定药物使用障碍的信息来自美国国立酒精滥用与酒精中毒研究所（NIAAA）2001 - 2002年全国酒精及相关状况流行病学调查（NESARC：n = 43,093）中的面对面访谈。
仅酒精使用障碍的患病率为7.35%，仅药物使用障碍的患病率为0.90%，酒精和药物使用障碍共病的患病率为1.10%。这三组的社会人口统计学和心理病理学相关因素差异很大，与仅患有酒精使用障碍的组相比，药物使用障碍组和共病组更有可能是年轻人、男性、未婚且社会经济地位较低。当前酒精使用障碍与25种特定药物使用障碍之间的关联通常为正向且具有统计学意义。寻求治疗的12个月患病率从仅患有酒精使用障碍者的6.06%显著增加到仅患有药物使用障碍者的15.63%，再到同时患有酒精和药物使用障碍者的21.76%。
本研究提供了关于酒精使用障碍与25种不同药物使用障碍同型共病的详细数据，并证实了基于终生测量的先前研究中所见的高度关联性。本研究的意义将从整合酒精和药物治疗服务以及完善预防和干预措施方面进行讨论。
