Gonçalves-Silva Regina M V, Valente Joaquim G, Lemos-Santos Márcia G F, Sichieri Rosely
Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2005 Sep-Oct;21(5):1540-9. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2005000500027. Epub 2005 Sep 12.
Maternal tobacco use during pregnancy is one of the most important factors for low birth weight and length. However, postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke has not been explored in children's growth studies. It is known that smoking is more prevalent in low socioeconomic groups and that stunting is also associated with socioeconomic variables. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of socioeconomic variables and environmental tobacco smoke on growth. Children under five years (n = 2,037) attending a primary health care clinic had their weight and stature measured, and a questionnaire on exposure to household passive smoking and socio-demographic characteristics was applied to parents. Prevalence of stunting (defined as a z-score lower than -2) was 4.3%. There was a negative association between stature and smoking during pregnancy, and positive associations with socioeconomic levels, family income, and parents' education. Linear hierarchical regression analysis showed that maternal and paternal smoking remains associated with low stature even after adjusting for maternal smoking during pregnancy and for socio-demographic variables.
孕期母亲吸烟是导致低出生体重和低身长的最重要因素之一。然而，在儿童生长研究中，尚未探讨产后环境烟草烟雾暴露情况。众所周知，吸烟在社会经济地位较低的群体中更为普遍，并且发育迟缓也与社会经济变量有关。本研究的目的是验证社会经济变量和环境烟草烟雾对生长的影响。在一家初级保健诊所就诊的5岁以下儿童（n = 2037）测量了体重和身高，并向家长发放了一份关于家庭被动吸烟暴露和社会人口学特征的问卷。发育迟缓（定义为z评分低于-2）的患病率为4.3%。身高与孕期吸烟呈负相关，与社会经济水平、家庭收入和父母教育程度呈正相关。线性分层回归分析表明，即使在调整了孕期母亲吸烟情况和社会人口学变量后，母亲和父亲吸烟仍与身材矮小有关。
