Güler A U, Sumer M, Sumer P, Biçer I
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayls University, Samsun, Turkey.
J Oral Rehabil. 2005 Oct;32(10):741-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01499.x.
The purpose of this study was to determine variations in the vertical height measurements in the edentulous maxilla and mandible, and to assess positions of the maxillary sinus, mandibular foramen, and the mandibular canal, which are important for implant length selection and planning using panoramic radiographs. The study sample included 346 edentulous alveolar ridges of 90 men and 83 women. Sixty-three dentate patients' panoramic radiographs were used for location of the first premolar and molar area. Panoramic radiographs were made with a Siemens Orthophos panoramic machine which had been standardized previously. All radiographs were made using a standardized manner by the same technician. Fourteen sites were measured on every panoramic radiograph whenever possible, eight sites in the maxilla and six sites in the mandible. Correlation analyses were performed between age groups and all measurements to determine if age is significant as a covariate. In order to examine the effect of gender the statistical analysis of differences between men and women was performed with Student t-test. The 5% significance level was used for statistical significancy. The height of the maxilla and the mandible in the anterior, first premolar, and first molar regions were significantly greater in men than in women. A majority of the most inferior border of the maxillary sinuses was located anterior to the first molar area (premolar regions) both in men (48.9%) and women (55.4%). Although, there was no statistically significant difference between edentulous men and women for the vertical distances from the mental foramen to the alveolar crest, and horizontal distances from mental foramen to midline, there were statistically significant differences between edentulous men and edentulous women for the vertical distances from the upper border of the mandibular canal to the alveolar crest in the first molar area. Mental foramens were located at the crest of the ridge in 7.2% of the edentulous women, and 6.7% of the edentulous men. The results of this study may guide clinicians to make primer decision of implant insertion area for implant supported prosthesis in edentulous patients.
本研究的目的是确定无牙上颌骨和下颌骨垂直高度测量值的变化，并评估上颌窦、下颌孔和下颌管的位置，这些对于使用全景X线片进行种植体长度选择和规划非常重要。研究样本包括90名男性和83名女性的346个无牙牙槽嵴。使用63名有牙患者的全景X线片来确定第一前磨牙和磨牙区域的位置。全景X线片由一台先前已标准化的西门子Orthophos全景机拍摄。所有X线片均由同一名技术人员以标准化方式拍摄。只要有可能，就在每张全景X线片上测量14个部位，上颌8个部位，下颌6个部位。对年龄组和所有测量值进行相关性分析，以确定年龄作为协变量是否具有显著性。为了研究性别影响，采用学生t检验对男性和女性之间的差异进行统计分析。统计显著性采用5%的显著性水平。男性上颌骨和下颌骨在前牙区、第一前磨牙区和第一磨牙区的高度明显高于女性。上颌窦最下缘的大部分位于男性（48.9%）和女性（55.4%）的第一磨牙区（前磨牙区）前方。虽然无牙男性和女性从颏孔到牙槽嵴的垂直距离以及从颏孔到中线的水平距离没有统计学显著差异，但在第一磨牙区，无牙男性和无牙女性从下颌管上缘到牙槽嵴的垂直距离存在统计学显著差异。7.2%的无牙女性和6.7%的无牙男性的颏孔位于牙槽嵴顶。本研究结果可为临床医生为无牙患者进行种植支持修复体的种植植入区域的初步决策提供指导。
